第5章 敲石头的人 The Stone-Breakers · 第2讲S1

1. 老师，讲稿里说Hutton的朋友鼓励他扩展理论是出于'touching hope'，这里的'touching'是不是就是‘感人的’意思？为什么用这个词能体现出朋友们对他其实没啥信心？
2. 文中提到Hutton的书里有一半都是'quotations from French sources, still in the original French'，这算不算一种偷懒？这对当时不懂法语的读者来说意味着什么？
3. 'unenticing'这个词在讲稿里被解释为'boring'，但它的词根是'entice'（引诱）。为什么用'不被引诱'来形容一本书无聊？这和'tedious'有什么区别？
4. 为什么Hutton那篇原本应该很重要的论文，当时却'attract almost no notice'（几乎没引起注意）？讲稿里提到的他演讲时的语言风格有什么具体问题？
5. 讲稿最后提到连伟大的地质学家Charles Lyell都承认读不完这本书，这说明Hutton的《地球理论》在科学史上虽然重要，但阅读体验极差。如果让你给这本书写个简介，你会怎么向同学解释它为什么‘重要却难读’？

1. Teacher, the transcript says Hutton's friends encouraged him to expand his theory with a 'touching hope'. Does 'touching' really mean 'moving' here? How does using this word imply that his friends actually had little confidence in him?
2. The text mentions that half of Hutton's book consisted of 'quotations from French sources, still in the original French'. Is this considered lazy? What does this mean for readers who didn't know French at the time?
3. 'Unenticing' is explained in the lecture as 'boring', but its root is 'entice' (to lure). Why use 'not luring' to describe a boring book? How is it different from 'tedious'?
4. Why did Hutton's paper, which should have been very important, 'attract almost no notice' at the time? What specific problems with his speaking style were mentioned in the transcript?
5. The transcript ends by mentioning that even the great geologist Charles Lyell admitted he couldn't finish reading this book. This shows that while Hutton's 'Theory of the Earth' is important in scientific history, the reading experience is terrible. If you were to write a brief introduction to this book, how would you explain to your classmates why it is 'important yet difficult to read'?

1 00:00:00,880 --> 00:00:02,100 Hoot on's 2 00:00:02,290 --> 00:00:06,510 paper is a very important piece of history, 3 00:00:06,510 --> 00:00:09,670 because it is the most important piece of history of the 4 00:00:09,670 --> 00:00:09,710 world.At 5 00:00:11,610 --> 00:00:13,190 the end of last session, 6 00:00:13,430 --> 00:00:14,530 I raised a question. 7 00:00:15,090 --> 00:00:19,430 Why did Hoot on's paper attract almost no notice at all? 8 00:00:19,870 --> 00:00:23,170 Well,it's not hard to see why.Here, 9 00:00:23,290 --> 00:00:26,490 in part,is how he presented it to his audience. 10 00:00:26,850 --> 00:00:28,490 In part means partly. 11 00:00:29,100 --> 00:00:33,320 Presented it to his audience.here it refers to the long 12 00:00:33,320 --> 00:00:37,480 paper to present the paper to his audience means to read 13 00:00:37,480 --> 00:00:40,980 the paper to the public to the audience this 14 00:00:41,330 --> 00:00:45,150 is taken from the long paper now let's see how he wrote 15 00:00:45,150 --> 00:00:48,990 the paper how he read the paper to the audience in 16 00:00:49,150 --> 00:00:52,490 the one case the forming cause is in the bodywhich is 17 00:00:52,490 --> 00:00:56,610 separated for after the body has been actuated by heat 18 00:00:56,610 --> 00:01:00,090 it is by the reaction of the proper manner of the body 19 00:01:00,090 --> 00:01:04,310 that the chasm which constitutes the vein is formed in 20 00:01:04,310 --> 00:01:08,190 the other case again the cause is extrinsic in relation 21 00:01:08,190 --> 00:01:12,450 to the body in which the chasm is formed there has been 22 00:01:12,450 --> 00:01:15,890 the most violent fracture and devulsion but the cause 23 00:01:15,890 --> 00:01:19,850 is still to seek and it appears not in the vein for it is 24 00:01:19,850 --> 00:01:23,190 not every fracture and dislocation of the solid body of 25 00:01:23,190 --> 00:01:27,150 our earth in which minerals or the proper substances of 26 00:01:27,150 --> 00:01:35,150 mineral veins are foundneedless to say almost no one in 27 00:01:35,150 --> 00:01:38,290 the audience had the faintest idea what he was talking 28 00:01:38,290 --> 00:01:44,070 about the faintest idea means the slightest idea not 29 00:01:44,070 --> 00:01:47,810 have the faintest idea means to not know anything at all 30 00:01:47,810 --> 00:01:50,830 about something hear about what he was talking 31 00:01:50,830 --> 00:01:56,330 aboutneedless to say 不想说不用说听众中根本就没有 32 00:01:56,330 --> 00:02:01,380 人能够听明白他在说什么 Enc ouraged by his friends to 33 00:02:01,380 --> 00:02:05,000 expand his theory in the touching hope that he might 34 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:08,080 somehow stumble onto clarity in a more expansive 35 00:02:08,080 --> 00:02:12,540 format Hought on spent the next ten years preparing his 36 00:02:12,540 --> 00:02:17,200 Magnum Op uswhich was published in two volumes in 1795 37 00:02:17,200 --> 00:02:20,620 The underlying part is the structure, 38 00:02:20,920 --> 00:02:24,480 the main structure of the sentence Enc ouraged by his 39 00:02:24,480 --> 00:02:24,800 friends 40 00:02:25,500 --> 00:02:30,410 这个主语其实也是 Hutton 要是被动 Hutton 是被他的朋 41 00:02:30,410 --> 00:02:34,840 友们鼓励那翻译的时候可以倒过来说朋友们鼓励 42 00:02:34,840 --> 00:02:40,740 Hutton 去扩展自己的理论 Hutton 在朋友的鼓励之下就 43 00:02:40,740 --> 00:02:46,380 花了十年的时间去着手撰写自己的 Magnum Op us Of 44 00:02:46,380 --> 00:02:50,360 Magnum means a large bottlecontaining the equivalent 45 00:02:50,360 --> 00:02:51,900 of two normal bottles 46 00:02:52,780 --> 00:02:58,640 是个大酒瓶超大酒瓶 Magnum Op us means the greatest 47 00:02:58,640 --> 00:03:04,100 work of someone It means master work 左手去写自己的红 48 00:03:04,100 --> 00:03:09,120 篇巨著现在再把细节加上去 In the touching hope that 49 00:03:10,040 --> 00:03:15,680 指的是朋友们为什么要去鼓励他扩展自己的理论是因 50 00:03:15,680 --> 00:03:20,320 为朋友们希望也许他可能会 Some how stumble onto 51 00:03:20,320 --> 00:03:20,680 clarity 52 00:03:21,490 --> 00:03:26,310 In a more expensive format More expensive format, 53 00:03:26,690 --> 00:03:29,750 a format means the size of a book, 54 00:03:30,230 --> 00:03:32,010 篇幅,一本书的篇幅。 55 00:03:32,090 --> 00:03:35,410 More expensive format means a larger, 56 00:03:35,490 --> 00:03:38,630 greater format,在更大的篇幅里面。 57 00:03:38,970 --> 00:03:40,210 Stumble onto, 58 00:03:40,590 --> 00:03:44,270 我们平常是指不小心走路的时候, 59 00:03:44,570 --> 00:03:45,510 stumble onto 60 00:03:45,770 --> 00:03:48,930 原来是指走路的时候不小心绊到了十块, 61 00:03:49,010 --> 00:03:50,850 亮枪了一下,差点摔倒。 62 00:04:00,370 --> 00:04:05,090 是不小心碰到什么东西不小心遇到而不是一开始自己 63 00:04:05,090 --> 00:04:11,630 主动去寻求的 clarity 的形容词是 clear 清晰指的是表 64 00:04:11,630 --> 00:04:16,750 达的清晰那这个 clarity 是他的名词这里指的是他写 65 00:04:16,750 --> 00:04:18,530 作的时候表达的清晰 66 00:04:26,490 --> 00:04:34,670 用这个 stumble onto 就说明朋友们对他是否真的能够 67 00:04:34,670 --> 00:04:40,190 做到清晰的写作其实没有多少的信心觉得有可能如果 68 00:04:40,190 --> 00:04:45,410 给他更大的篇幅去解释的话有可能说不定一不小心就 69 00:04:45,410 --> 00:04:49,730 写得清楚写得明白了那现在再来看为什么加上 70 00:04:49,730 --> 00:04:52,930 touching 这么一个词 touching 是感人的 71 00:04:52,990 --> 00:04:59,810 令人感动的朋友们想的这么多可真是用心良苦颇令人 72 00:04:59,810 --> 00:05:00,290 感动 73 00:05:01,720 --> 00:05:05,760 那后来 Hotender 这本书呢是 was published in two 74 00:05:05,760 --> 00:05:11,140 volumes 以两卷本的形式出版 volumes 就是书的第一卷 75 00:05:11,220 --> 00:05:14,120 第二卷是两卷本它属于同一本书 76 00:05:14,160 --> 00:05:20,570 但是分成两册 Together the two books ran to nearly a 77 00:05:20,570 --> 00:05:25,010 thousand pages and were remarkably worse than even his 78 00:05:25,010 --> 00:05:28,970 most pessimistic friends had feared A pessimistic 79 00:05:28,970 --> 00:05:31,950 person expects that bad things will happen in the 80 00:05:31,950 --> 00:05:34,350 future or that something will have a bad result 81 00:05:34,350 --> 00:05:38,150 Pessimistic 就是非常悲观的他 82 00:05:38,310 --> 00:05:43,510 最悲观的朋友曾经担心过就是他恐怕即便是写一本书 83 00:05:43,510 --> 00:05:48,130 也没有办法把事情解释清楚结果是, 84 00:05:48,270 --> 00:05:50,930 他写的这两本书一千页, 85 00:05:51,090 --> 00:05:55,550 比他最悲观的朋友所担心的还要糟糕。 86 0 ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）