第4章 万物的尺度 The Measure of Things · 第2讲S3

1. 讲稿里提到牛顿为了读懂原文，花了好多时间自学希伯来语，'scan original texts' 里的 scan 到底是指快速浏览还是精读呀？
2. 文中说 'The Second Coming of Christ' 是耶稣再次降临，那 'First Coming' 具体指代的是哪件事？
3. 牛顿研究的那些手稿里，他一门心思想把 'base metals' 变成贵金属，这个 'base metals' 具体是指哪些金属？
4. 为什么讲稿里说牛顿头发里的水银含量是正常水平的40多倍，这跟他早上老忘起床有什么直接关系？
5. 文中提到了 'as mad as a hatter' 这个习语，制帽匠（hatters）为啥会跟疯子扯上关系？

1. Does 'scan original texts' mean reading through them quickly or reading them carefully?
2. What exactly does 'First Coming' refer to in the context of Christ?
3. What kind of metals are referred to as 'base metals' in the manuscript?
4. How does the mercury concentration in Newton's hair relate to his trouble waking up in the morning?
5. Why are hatters associated with madness in the idiom 'as mad as a hatter'?

1 00:00:05,810 --> 00:00:09,650 He spent endless hours studying the floor plan of the 2 00:00:09,650 --> 00:00:12,230 lost temple of King Solomon in Jerusalem, 3 00:00:12,650 --> 00:00:15,070 teaching himself Hebrew in the process, 4 00:00:15,330 --> 00:00:17,770 but better to scan original texts, 5 00:00:18,090 --> 00:00:21,950 in the belief that it held mathematical clues to the 6 00:00:21,950 --> 00:00:25,470 dates of the second coming of Christ and the end of the 7 00:00:25,470 --> 00:00:29,960 world.Flo or Plan This is a floor plan, 8 00:00:30,620 --> 00:00:31,820 建筑的平面图。 9 00:00:32,250 --> 00:00:36,710 The Lost Temple of King Solomon 我们先看 King Solomon。 10 00:01:13,750 --> 00:01:21,110 耶路撒冷在整个世界的这个角落它是三教圣城它既是 11 00:01:21,110 --> 00:01:27,690 犹太教的圣地也是基督教的圣地也是伊斯兰教的圣地 12 00:01:27,690 --> 00:01:36,670 现在是以色列的首都 Hebrew 这里指的是一种语言叫希 13 00:01:36,670 --> 00:01:42,300 伯来语它是希伯来人的语言如果大家有看一点圣经的 14 00:01:42,300 --> 00:01:47,710 话一定会经常看到 Hebrew Israelite 这些词其实呢 15 00:01:47,710 --> 00:01:52,430 Hebrews Israelite 跟今天我们说的 Jews 他们是同样的 16 00:01:52,430 --> 00:01:57,590 一个民族只是同一民族在不同历史时期的称呼所以这 17 00:01:57,590 --> 00:02:03,350 个希伯来人也就是今天犹太人的祖先希伯来语这里指 18 00:02:03,350 --> 00:02:08,150 的是希伯来语也是犹太人的语言牛顿花费了大量的时 19 00:02:08,150 --> 00:02:14,770 间去研究所罗门王神殿的建筑平面图这个神殿原在耶 20 00:02:14,770 --> 00:02:18,210 路撒冷但现在早已消失早已经是 lost 21 00:02:19,060 --> 00:02:23,060 在研究的过程中为了 the better to scan the original 22 00:02:23,060 --> 00:02:26,640 text to scan means to read through something quickly 23 00:02:28,240 --> 00:02:34,440 为了更好的阅读原文他在这个过程中还自学了希伯来 24 00:02:34,440 --> 00:02:34,840 语 25 00:02:41,020 --> 00:02:47,520 尤顿为什么要这么做呢因为他相信在平面图内藏有一 26 00:02:47,520 --> 00:02:54,160 些数学线索可以用来解开耶稣基督再度来临以及世界 27 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:59,260 末日的日期之谜 The Second Coming of Christ 是耶稣基 28 00:02:59,260 --> 00:03:04,540 督的再次降临人间他的 First Coming 大家应该都知道 29 00:03:04,540 --> 00:03:09,460 就是基督的诞生就是两千多年前那是他的 First 30 00:03:09,460 --> 00:03:10,800 Coming 这 31 00:03:11,340 --> 00:03:15,440 张图表现的就是 The Second Coming of Christ 这是人们 32 00:03:15,440 --> 00:03:20,200 的想象图这个事件还没有发生这到底是在什么时候才 33 00:03:20,200 --> 00:03:26,680 会发生圣经里面并没有明确的记载所以牛顿才要费尽 34 00:03:26,680 --> 00:03:27,740 心思去研究。 35 00:04:17,760 --> 00:04:18,280 有 36 00:04:19,050 --> 00:04:24,590 一次一位经济学家在拍卖场买到了牛顿的一大箱子的 37 00:04:24,590 --> 00:04:27,010 手稿他惊奇地发现, 38 00:04:27,110 --> 00:04:34,230 这一箱子的手稿里边并不是有关光学或行星运动的手 39 00:04:34,230 --> 00:04:35,470 稿,而是什么呢? 40 00:04:35,570 --> 00:04:39,150 With a single minded quest to turn base metals into 41 00:04:39,150 --> 00:04:41,610 precious ones.Quest means pursuit, 42 00:04:41,990 --> 00:04:45,010 base 指的是比较便宜的、 43 00:04:45,050 --> 00:04:45,830 常见的。 44 00:04:45,830 --> 00:04:52,270 这一箱子的手稿里边是一门心思把常见的便宜的金属 45 00:04:52,270 --> 00:04:59,070 炼制成贵重金属的研究这就是炼金术炼金术跟中国的 46 00:04:59,070 --> 00:05:01,850 炼丹术一样都以失败告终 47 00:05:21,310 --> 00:05:27,330 1970 年代有人研究了牛顿的一束头发这个 48 00:05:27,520 --> 00:05:36,400 分析发现呢它的头发里面含有水银水银这种元素普通 49 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:43,100 人不太感兴趣只有热衷于炼金术的人制造帽子的人还 50 00:05:43,100 --> 00:05:49,340 有制造温度计的人会对这种元素感兴趣温度计我们知 51 00:05:49,340 --> 00:05:54,760 道里边那一条红色的装的其实就是加了颜料的水银温 52 00:05:54,760 --> 00:06:00,860 度上升的时候它会膨胀就会上升 Hatters 制帽商或者 53 00:06:00,860 --> 00:06:06,080 制帽匠跟水银有什么关系呢主要是过去呢水银是制帽 54 00:06:06,080 --> 00:06:12,540 的原料在制作沾帽的过程中狐狸皮和兔皮需要用含有 55 00:06:12,540 --> 00:06:18,440 水银的硝酸盐进行处理从而变于加工智貌的工匠呼吸 56 00:06:18,440 --> 00:06:24,200 过程中就会吸入水银导致水银中毒使得神经系统受到 57 00:06:24,200 --> 00:06:26,780 伤害伴随着口齿不清 58 00:06:27,380 --> 00:06:32,530 步履盘三肌肉抽搐等等症状那旁人不明所以就以为他 59 00:06:32,530 --> 00:06:37,810 们是发疯了所以这个 hatters 往往就跟疯子联系在一 60 00:06:37,810 --> 00:06:42,240 起在英语当中有一个习语叫 as mad as a hatter 61 00:06:42,840 --> 00:06:47,020 爱丽丝漫游奇境里边就有一个人物 The Mad Hatter 62 00:06:47,680 --> 00:06:53,460 蜂帽人蝙蝠侠里边也有一个蜂帽人的形象好我们继续 63 00:06:53,460 --> 00:06:57,980 At a concentration some 40 times the natural level 牛顿 64 00:06:57,980 --> 00:07:03,060 头发里的水银浓度是正常人头发含量的 40 多倍 65 00:07:04,130 --> 00:07:07,470 It is perhaps little wonder that he had trouble 66 00:07:07,470 --> 00:07:11,870 remembering to rise in the morninglittle wonder 几乎 67 00:07:11,870 --> 00:07:16,650 就是 no wonder 因为 little 就是几乎没有的意思那他 68 00:07:16,900 --> 00:07:19,780 早上有时候都忘了起床这也难怪了 69 00:07:21,480 --> 00:07:24,200 这可能是牛顿水银中毒的表现吧