第4章 万物的尺度 The Measure of Things · 第2讲S1

1. 老师，讲稿里说牛顿是 'decidedly odd figure'，这里的 'figure' 具体是指他这个人还是某种形象？'odd' 在这里除了奇怪还有啥特殊含义吗？
2. 牛顿把 'bodkin'（长针）插进眼窝做实验，这个词是啥意思？他为啥要这么做，仅仅是为了好玩吗？
3. 文中提到 'immobilized by the sudden rush of thoughts'，这里的 'immobilized' 字面意思是不能移动，但在描述牛顿发呆的状态时，怎么翻译最贴切？
4. 牛顿盯着太阳看之后，讲稿说 'his eyes forgave him'，这里用 'forgive'（原谅）这个词是不是有点拟人化？为什么不用 'recover'（恢复）？
5. 既然牛顿性格这么孤僻古怪，甚至有点偏执，为啥讲稿还说他在做 'conventional channels'（传统工作）时依然有 'tendency to peculiarity'？这两者矛盾吗？

1. Teacher, when the transcript says Newton was a 'decidedly odd figure', what exactly does 'figure' refer to here? Does it mean the person himself or a certain image? And what's the specific nuance of 'odd' in this context?
2. What does 'bodkin' mean? Why did Newton insert a long needle into his eye socket? Was he just doing it for fun?
3. The text mentions Newton was 'immobilized by the sudden rush of thoughts'. 'Immobilized' literally means unable to move, but how should we translate this best when describing Newton's state of being lost in thought?
4. After staring at the sun, the transcript says 'his eyes forgave him'. Isn't using 'forgive' a bit personified here? Why didn't they use 'recover' instead?
5. Since Newton was so solitary and odd, even paranoid, why does the transcript say he still showed a 'tendency to peculiarity' even when working in 'conventional channels'? Are these two things contradictory?

1 00:00:12,210 --> 00:00:14,450 Hello friends,as you can see, 2 00:00:14,590 --> 00:00:16,770 today's lesson is focused on Newton, 3 00:00:16,990 --> 00:00:20,930 but it's mostly about what a strange person Newton was. 4 00:00:21,230 --> 00:00:22,410 And here we go. 5 00:00:23,020 --> 00:00:25,960 Newton was a decidedly odd figure, 6 00:00:26,200 --> 00:00:27,920 brilliant beyond measure, 7 00:00:28,060 --> 00:00:30,200 but solitary,joyless, 8 00:00:30,400 --> 00:00:32,420 prickly to the point of paranoia, 9 00:00:32,600 --> 00:00:34,060 famously distracted. 10 00:00:36,900 --> 00:00:40,420 He would reportedly sometimes sit for 11 00:00:40,420 --> 00:00:44,320 hoursimmobilized by the sudden rush of thoughts to his 12 00:00:44,320 --> 00:00:48,260 head and capable of the most riveting strangeness 13 00:00:48,260 --> 00:00:53,150 Decidedly means definitely Art figure means strange 14 00:00:53,150 --> 00:00:55,650 person Figure means character, 15 00:00:56,050 --> 00:01:01,130 the kind of person Newton was definitely a very strange 16 00:01:01,130 --> 00:01:05,470 person He was brilliant beyond measurebrilliant 17 00:01:05,470 --> 00:01:06,510 means very smart, 18 00:01:06,830 --> 00:01:11,630 intelligent 他聪明绝顶 beyond measure measure 是衡 19 00:01:11,630 --> 00:01:16,110 量次量的意思他聪明的程度都无法衡量了 but 20 00:01:16,110 --> 00:01:17,910 solitary a 21 00:01:17,940 --> 00:01:21,960 solitary person spends a lot of time alonebecause he 22 00:01:21,960 --> 00:01:26,840 likes to be alone the solitary 他不喜欢跟别人在一起 23 00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:31,700 他喜欢一个人待着 joyless and prickly to the point of 24 00:01:31,700 --> 00:01:32,460 paranoia 25 00:01:33,120 --> 00:01:38,440 第十二课的时候我们学过一个词 prick 就是争刺那么 26 00:01:38,440 --> 00:01:39,880 prickly 指的就是 27 00:01:40,440 --> 00:01:45,260 很容易受刺激的动不动就像被挣扎了一下整个人就跳 28 00:01:45,260 --> 00:01:46,580 起来反应非常剧烈 29 00:01:47,140 --> 00:01:53,220 to the point of 是指到了什么程度他这种易怒暴躁的性 30 00:01:53,220 --> 00:01:57,730 格简直是近乎偏执 f amously distracted 31 00:01:58,650 --> 00:02:04,050 他也是有名的心不在焉 Distracted 指的是注意力分散 32 00:02:04,050 --> 00:02:05,030 Up 33 00:02:05,290 --> 00:02:09,010 on swinging his feet out of bed in the morning Swing his 34 00:02:09,010 --> 00:02:15,670 feet out of bed 也就是翻身起床脚已经放到床下去了 He 35 00:02:15,670 --> 00:02:20,210 would reportedly sometimes sit for hours 他就会坐在 36 00:02:20,210 --> 00:02:24,670 床上坐好几个小时 Reportedly means it is reported 37 00:02:24,670 --> 00:02:28,850 that or it is said that he would sometimes sit for hours 38 00:02:28,850 --> 00:02:31,230 Up on swinging his feet out of bed in the morning 39 00:02:31,230 --> 00:02:35,370 Immobilized by the sudden rush of thoughts to his head 40 00:02:35,370 --> 00:02:44,970 Mobile M O B I L E Mobile 是移动的比如手机在美国是叫 41 00:02:44,970 --> 00:02:49,570 cell phone 在英国就是 mobile phone 移动电话那 42 00:02:49,570 --> 00:02:56,830 immobilized 这里 I M 是一个否定的前缀表示不会移动 43 00:02:56,830 --> 00:02:58,710 的那也就是他坐在那儿 44 00:03:02,550 --> 00:03:10,190 那是因为他突然想到了什么东西突然间思绪涌来他就 45 00:03:10,190 --> 00:03:11,250 忘了要起床了 46 00:03:15,790 --> 00:03:19,650 指的是这些卯钉那么指 47 00:03:19,900 --> 00:03:28,860 的是这些卯钉 48 00:03:29,780 --> 00:03:35,780 刘顿的这种孤僻和奇怪也是绝了非常引人注目他 49 00:03:36,360 --> 00:03:45,220 建立了 50 00:03:45,740 --> 00:03:48,620 剑桥大学的第一个实验室 51 00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:58,660 从事的却是最奇葩的实验现在的话说就是奇葩 52 00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:01,380 Once he inserted a bodkin, 53 00:04:01,640 --> 00:04:04,580 a long needle of the sort used for sewing leather, 54 00:04:04,880 --> 00:04:07,880 into his eye socket,and rubbed it around, 55 00:04:08,060 --> 00:04:09,500 betwixt my eye, 56 00:04:09,660 --> 00:04:13,160 and the bone as near to the backside of my eye as I could, 57 00:04:13,280 --> 00:04:15,140 just to see what would happen. 58 00:04:16,580 --> 00:04:19,020 Insert means to put in between, 59 00:04:19,840 --> 00:04:20,360 插入。 60 00:04:20,360 --> 00:04:28,380 有一次呢他插了一根 botkinbotkin 是粉质皮革用的那 61 00:04:28,380 --> 00:04:33,880 种长钉子也就是斜匠常用的那种长钉子 into his eye 62 00:04:33,880 --> 00:04:40,120 socket socket 是眼窝凹陷进去的眼窝他把这个长钉子 63 00:04:40,120 --> 00:04:45,280 插到自己的眼窝里去然后还 rub it aroundbet weens my 64 00:04:45,280 --> 00:04:50,060 eye and bone as near to the back side of my eye as I could 这 65 00:04:50,060 --> 00:04:55,060 个 B itwix 你把它理解为 Between 因为牛顿毕竟是好几 66 00:04:55,060 --> 00:04:59,380 百年前的人他的文字当时的英语跟现在是有一些不同 67 00:04:59,380 --> 00:05:06,200 的他把这个钉子插到他的眼睛也就是眼球跟那个眼眶 68 00:05:06,200 --> 00:05:10,660 的那个骨头之间的空隙把那个空隙插进去 As near to 69 00:05:10,660 --> 00:05:15,860 the back side of my eye as I could 尽量插到眼睛的后面尽 70 00:05:15,860 --> 00:05:20,380 量往后他这样做的目的 Just to see what would happen 就 71 00:05:20,380 --> 00:05:21,920 想看看会发生什么 72 00:05:22,500 --> 00:05:22,940 好 73 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:27,200 大家听到这里不要误解不要觉得他把一根钉子插到自 74 00:05:27,200 --> 00:05:31,940 己的眼睛里面把自己的眼睛戳得鲜血直流并不是这样 75 00:05:31,940 --> 00:05:33,620 的牛顿并没有那么疯狂 76 00:05:35,380 --> 00:05:41,280 这是牛顿的手稿这张图上画的就是他当时做的这个实 77 00:05:41,280 --> 00:05:45,090 验就是把这个 Botkin 我们可以看到这 Botkin 并不是那 78 00:05:45,090 --> 00:05:49,940 么尖可能已经用了很顿了插到自己眼球跟眼眶之间的 79 00:05:49,940 --> 00:05:56,800 空隙它就用这个长钉子的头去压迫眼球压迫不同的点 80 00:05:56,800 --> 00:05:58,600 A BC DE F 81 00:05:59,260 --> 00:06:04,680 然后自己的眼前会出现这种圈圈然后随着压迫的时间 82 00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:10,100 增加这个圈圈就会消失这一段并不是我们课本里边的 83 00:06:10,100 --> 00:06:15,920 而是牛顿的手稿里边从这里到这里的一段文字我把它 84 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:20,060 打在这了大家有兴趣可以看一下他详细地描述了自己 85 00:06:20,060 --> 00:06:25,220 这个实验的过程其实他做这个是为了研究眼球是为了 86 00:06:25,220 --> 00:06:26,720 研究光学的原理 87 00:06:27,670 --> 00:06:30,550 What happened miraculously was nothing 88 00:06:31,560 --> 00:06:36,030 这句要接到上面的那句 Just to see what would happen 然 89 00:06:36,030 --> 00:06:40,640 后他接着就说 What happened miraculously was nothing 90 00:06:40,640 --> 00:06:42,840 他就想看看会发生什么 91 00:06:43,460 --> 00:06:44,440 奇迹的是 92 00:06:45,160 --> 00:06:49,820 什么也没发生 at least nothing lasting 这里说的发生 93 00:06:49,820 --> 00:06:55,250 就是说有没有发生什么不好的后果当然实际上他做这 94 00:06:55,250 --> 00:06:59,480 个实验他是有收获的并不是真的什么也没发生只是说 95 00:06:59,4 ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）