第2章 欢迎来到太阳系 Welcome to the Solar System · 第5讲S1

1. 讲稿里说冥王星只是太阳系边缘的一个标记，那到底什么是太阳系的真正边缘？奥尔特云又是个啥地方？
2. 老师，'speed past' 和 'pass' 有啥区别？为啥这里非要用 'speed past' 冥王星呢？
3. 文中提到 'far from marking the outer edge' 和 'barely one fifty thousandth of the way'，这两个表达在语气上有什么细微差别吗？
4. 为啥老布什总统提出的火星载人任务最后被悄悄搁置（dropped）了？是因为太贵还是因为宇航员会死？
5. 既然去火星这么危险且昂贵，那人类还有必要去探索更远的太阳系边缘吗？还是说我们该先顾好自己？

1. The script says Pluto is just a marker for the edge of the solar system, so what is the actual edge? And what exactly is the Oort Cloud?
2. What's the difference between 'speed past' and just 'pass'? Why does the speaker insist on using 'speed past' Pluto?
3. The text mentions both 'far from marking the outer edge' and 'barely one fifty thousandth of the way'. Is there a subtle difference in tone between these two expressions?
4. Why was President Bush's manned mission to Mars quietly dropped? Was it because of the cost or because the astronauts would die?
5. Since going to Mars is so dangerous and expensive, is it still worth exploring the edge of the solar system, or should we focus on ourselves first?

1 00:00:10,960 --> 00:00:13,300 Hello everybody,welcome back to my class. 2 00:00:14,020 --> 00:00:18,720 Previously we talked about what a lonely void space is 3 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:22,380 and how far apart everything is from each other. 4 00:00:22,740 --> 00:00:24,340 And our question was, 5 00:00:24,580 --> 00:00:27,860 why do comets drift in a stately manner? 6 00:00:28,100 --> 00:00:29,900 Why do they move so slowly? 7 00:00:30,680 --> 00:00:32,640 Here we go.Now 8 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:36,880 the other thing you will notice as we speed past Pluto is 9 00:00:36,880 --> 00:00:38,820 that we are speeding past Pluto 10 00:00:39,550 --> 00:00:44,230 Speed past means to go past very fast, 11 00:00:44,490 --> 00:00:46,270 very quickly 当 12 00:00:46,690 --> 00:00:51,710 我们飞越冥王星的时候我们一定会注意到 Hey 我们在 13 00:00:51,710 --> 00:00:53,670 飞越冥王星了这 14 00:00:53,700 --> 00:00:57,580 有什么特别呢 Because Pluto is usually the last 15 00:00:57,580 --> 00:01:01,420 objectmarked on the school room chart of a solar system 16 00:01:01,420 --> 00:01:04,300 So if we are speeding past Pluto, 17 00:01:04,680 --> 00:01:06,920 does that mean we 18 00:01:07,370 --> 00:01:10,090 are speeding past the edge of the universe? 19 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:13,240 If you check your itinerary, 20 00:01:13,400 --> 00:01:16,580 you will see that this is a trip to the edge of our solar 21 00:01:16,580 --> 00:01:17,020 system. 22 00:01:17,620 --> 00:01:23,100 Itinerary means a plan or list of the places you will 23 00:01:23,100 --> 00:01:24,260 visit on a journey. 24 00:01:25,470 --> 00:01:29,700 是一个行程安排,如果你查看一下自己的行程安排, 25 00:01:29,700 --> 00:01:35,800 你就会发现我们这一趟旅程是要前往太阳系边缘的那 26 00:01:36,160 --> 00:01:40,480 我们已经飞越了冥王星是不是意味着我们也已经到达 27 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:43,100 了太阳系的边缘呢 And 28 00:01:43,290 --> 00:01:47,470 I'm afraid we're not there yet 恐怕是还没有 Pluto may 29 00:01:47,470 --> 00:01:51,030 be the last object marked on schoolroom charts 30 00:01:51,590 --> 00:01:53,470 Marked 指的是标记 31 00:01:54,640 --> 00:02:01,380 虽然在学校的教室里挂的太阳系的挂图上面迷惘星是 32 00:02:01,380 --> 00:02:04,100 最外,是划在最外面的, 33 00:02:04,140 --> 00:02:05,640 是一个地标。 34 00:02:05,760 --> 00:02:08,480 But the system doesn't end there. 35 00:02:08,660 --> 00:02:11,300 但 system means the solar system, 36 00:02:11,560 --> 00:02:14,840 可是太阳系的终点并不在那儿, 37 00:02:14,840 --> 00:02:17,220 并不意味着太阳系到此为止了。 38 00:02:17,400 --> 00:02:21,820 In fact,it isn't even close to ending there. 39 00:02:23,160 --> 00:02:25,180 要到头还早着呢。 40 00:02:25,420 --> 00:02:28,800 Close to 表示靠近,临近。 41 00:02:28,800 --> 00:02:29,700 We 42 00:02:30,430 --> 00:02:33,770 won't get to the solar system's edgeuntil we have 43 00:02:33,770 --> 00:02:38,370 passed through the old cloud a vast celestial realm of 44 00:02:38,370 --> 00:02:41,850 drifting comets and we won't reach the old cloud for 45 00:02:41,850 --> 00:02:44,410 another I'm so sorry about this10, 46 00:02:44,670 --> 00:02:45,510 000 years 47 00:02:46,560 --> 00:02:52,460 这个句子划线的部分 W on't Until 也就是前面是表示否 48 00:02:52,460 --> 00:02:57,660 定的词后面加上一个 Until 这是一种固定的结构 Until 49 00:02:57,660 --> 00:03:02,600 表示在什么什么之前我们看一下 We have passed 50 00:03:02,600 --> 00:03:07,000 through the old cloud 在我们穿越奥尔特云之前 51 00:03:07,900 --> 00:03:12,100 We won't get to the solar system's edge 在穿越奥尔特云 52 00:03:12,100 --> 00:03:17,160 之前都不算是到达太阳系的边缘反 53 00:03:18,190 --> 00:03:24,050 过来说也就是我们得先穿过奥尔特云才算是到达了太 54 00:03:24,050 --> 00:03:25,850 阳系的边缘 A 55 00:03:26,230 --> 00:03:32,150 vast celestial realm of drifting comets 这是同位语是 56 00:03:32,220 --> 00:03:37,300 这个 Oort Cloud 的同位语阿尔特云是什么呢它是一片 57 00:03:37,300 --> 00:03:45,330 广大的天区 R am means area Celestial 前面几课学过 It 58 00:03:45,330 --> 00:03:51,750 means relating to the sky 表示天体的天空的与天有关 59 00:03:51,750 --> 00:03:53,310 的 Celestial realm 60 00:03:53,880 --> 00:03:59,140 天区 of drifting comets 这是一片广大的天区在那里漂 61 00:03:59,140 --> 00:04:03,680 浮着各种各样的彗星 And we won't reach the old cloud 62 00:04:03,680 --> 00:04:05,860 for another 10,000 years 63 00:04:07,090 --> 00:04:12,210 而事实上呢我们还得再花上一万年才能够到达奥尔特 64 00:04:12,210 --> 00:04:18,440 云 I'm so sorry about this 这是一个插入语意思是非常 65 00:04:18,440 --> 00:04:23,420 不好意思我打击你了但我不得不这么说因为这是事实 66 00:04:37,320 --> 00:04:40,360 这个句子的主语是 Pluto Pluto, 67 00:04:40,440 --> 00:04:43,780 far from marking the outer edge of the solar systemfar 68 00:04:43,780 --> 00:04:48,720 from 表示距离这个目标还远着呢压根就不是 marking 69 00:04:48,720 --> 00:04:51,600 the outer edge of the solar system 它就不可能, 70 00:04:51,780 --> 00:04:57,020 它就不是太阳系的边缘 as those school rule maps so 71 00:04:57,020 --> 00:05:01,680 cavalierly implycavalier means not caring not caring 72 00:05:01,680 --> 00:05:02,900 enough about rules, 73 00:05:03,140 --> 00:05:05,140 principles or other people's feelings 74 00:05:05,860 --> 00:05:08,780 侵灭,蔑视,蔑视规则, 75 00:05:08,940 --> 00:05:11,540 蔑视其他人的感情 for example, 76 00:05:11,660 --> 00:05:15,800 the club's owner showed a cavalier attitude to the laws 77 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:17,360 无视法律 78 00:05:17,460 --> 00:05:25,200 这里说的教室里的挂图它就那么随随便便的那么轻易 79 00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:32,160 地暗示大家 imply 表示没有明说但是他暗示 as Pluto is 80 00:05:32,160 --> 00:05:35,400 usually the last object marked on the solar system on 81 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:39,540 the map of the solar system it makes people feel that it 82 00:05:39,540 --> 00:05:44,140 is the edge of the universe but in fact it is not Pluto is 83 00:05:44,140 --> 00:05:49,100 barely one fifty thousandth of the waybarely means 84 00:05:49,100 --> 00:05:49,580 hardly 85 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:54,980 几乎就是个否定词了比如说 I could barely see the road 86 00:05:54,980 --> 00:06:00,260 in the fog 雾这么大我几乎都看不见路了所以 87 00:06:00,450 --> 00:06:01,090 这里讲的是 88 00:06:01,770 --> 00:06:02,710 冥王星 89 00:06:03,370 --> 00:06:10,070 我们到达冥王星实际上才还没有走了全程的五万分之 90 00:06:10,070 --> 00:06:14,970 一的路程分数的说法这是第二次见到了 Of 91 00:06:18,780 --> 00:06:22,680 course we have no prospect of such a journey Prospect 92 00:06:22,680 --> 00:06:28,820 means possibility or hop ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）