第2章 欢迎来到太阳系 Welcome to the Solar System · 第2讲S2

1. 讲稿里说 Tomba 发现冥王星是个“miraculous find”，但为什么又说 Lowell 之前的预测是“comprehensively erroneous”？这两者矛盾吗？
2. 这里提到 Tomba 发现冥王星时只是“a faint point of light”，后来为什么光点就“不见了”？这怎么证明它是行星而不是恒星呢？
3. 文中说大家把对冥王星性质的“reservations”都“swept aside”了，这里的 reservations 具体指什么？为什么当时的人反应那么激烈，连“delirium”都出来了？
4. 为什么冥王星最后被命名为“Pluto”？除了跟 Percival Lowell 的名字有关，讲稿里还提到了什么命名传统？
5. 讲稿最后说 Tomba 后来被“largely forgotten”，只有行星天文学家还“revere”他。为什么大众会遗忘他，而天文学家却如此尊崇他？

1. The transcript calls Tomba's discovery a 'miraculous find', but also says Lowell's prediction was 'comprehensively erroneous'. Doesn't that sound contradictory?
2. It mentions that the new planet was just 'a faint point of light' which later 'disappeared'. How does that prove it's a planet and not a fixed star?
3. The text says any 'reservations' about the planet's nature were 'swept aside'. What exactly were these reservations, and why did the public reaction become so 'delirious'?
4. Why was the new planet named 'Pluto'? Besides the connection to Percival Lowell, what naming tradition does the transcript mention?
5. The transcript says Tomba was 'largely forgotten' by the public, but still 'revered' by planetary astronomers. Why the difference in how they were treated?

1 00:00:06,260 --> 00:00:09,520 这里是堪萨斯,在美国的中央国家。 2 00:00:11,810 --> 00:00:15,350 这里叫做美国的面包箱。 3 00:00:15,470 --> 00:00:18,210 中间这个区域,橙色的这个区域, 4 00:00:18,270 --> 00:00:20,270 被称为美国的面包篮子, 5 00:00:20,330 --> 00:00:23,490 因为这个是小麦袋,这个地方生产小麦。 6 00:00:23,970 --> 00:00:28,130 这是堪萨斯的徽章,Great 7 00:00:29,090 --> 00:00:31,690 CEO of the State of Kansas, 8 00:00:31,970 --> 00:00:35,270 你看他的徽章就知道这是一个农业州。 9 00:00:35,270 --> 00:00:37,790 And this is Tombo himself 10 00:00:38,350 --> 00:00:42,170 Tombo was born in a farmer family He loved watching 11 00:00:42,170 --> 00:00:47,820 stars and he made telescopes by himself Tombo had no 12 00:00:47,820 --> 00:00:51,120 formal training as an astronomer But he was diligent 13 00:00:51,120 --> 00:00:54,820 and he was astute And after a year's patient searching 14 00:00:54,820 --> 00:00:59,280 He somehow spotted Pluto A faint point of light in a 15 00:00:59,280 --> 00:01:02,370 glittery firmament Tombo 16 00:01:02,570 --> 00:01:07,850 连大学都没有上过他没有受过天文学的专门训练 but 17 00:01:07,850 --> 00:01:11,150 he was diligentdiligent 跟之前学过的一个词 18 00:01:11,150 --> 00:01:17,870 industrials 很相似就是很勤奋但是他勤快而且他很 19 00:01:17,870 --> 00:01:19,490 机敏很敏锐 20 00:01:23,130 --> 00:01:28,410 经过了一年耐心的搜寻他就发现了 Pluto 21 00:01:29,040 --> 00:01:35,740 这个 Pluto 后面这个是同位语它只是在众星闪烁的天 22 00:01:35,860 --> 00:01:41,790 穹之中只是一个很微弱的一个光点 glittery 就是闪光 23 00:01:41,790 --> 00:01:47,590 闪烁 fermament 其实就是 sky 它是比较文学的说法天穹 24 00:01:47,590 --> 00:01:49,370 或苍穹 It 25 00:01:49,560 --> 00:01:53,020 was a miraculous find and what made it all the more 26 00:01:53,020 --> 00:01:56,740 striking was that the observations on which Lowell had 27 00:01:56,740 --> 00:01:59,860 predicted the existence of a planet beyond Neptune 28 00:01:59,860 --> 00:02:06,120 Proved to be comprehensively erroneous Miraculous 的 29 00:02:06,120 --> 00:02:09,180 名词是 Miracle 奇迹 Miraculous 30 00:02:09,200 --> 00:02:14,060 奇迹的这简直就是一个奇迹的发现 And what made it all 31 00:02:14,060 --> 00:02:16,820 the more striking Striking means remarkable, 32 00:02:17,320 --> 00:02:20,040 impressive 更引人注目的是 33 00:02:20,930 --> 00:02:24,390 The observations on which Lowell had predicted the 34 00:02:24,390 --> 00:02:27,730 existence of a planet beyond Neptune 这个 on which 35 00:02:27,730 --> 00:02:30,770 Lowell had predicted The Existence of a Planet Beyond 36 00:02:30,770 --> 00:02:35,490 Neptune 整个是定语重聚修饰 The Observations 也就是 37 00:02:35,490 --> 00:02:43,110 说 Lowell 他的这个预测是建立在观测的结果上的他 38 00:02:43,720 --> 00:02:46,840 预测的是什么呢就是 The Existence of a Planet Beyond 39 00:02:46,840 --> 00:02:47,320 Neptune 40 00:02:48,390 --> 00:02:54,630 他认为在海王星的外侧还存在着一颗行星这样的一个 41 00:02:54,630 --> 00:02:59,610 预测是建立在一定的观测结果之上的而现在 the 42 00:02:59,770 --> 00:03:04,250 observations proved to be comprehensively erroneous 43 00:03:04,250 --> 00:03:08,430 划线的部分是主干的结构就是这 44 00:03:08,660 --> 00:03:13,820 些观测结果现在看来完全是错误的 comprehensively 45 00:03:13,820 --> 00:03:19,760 comprehensive 这个词完全全部的比如看这个例子 a 46 00:03:19,760 --> 00:03:22,620 comprehensive guide to British hotels and 47 00:03:22,620 --> 00:03:29,280 restaurants 英国酒店饭店大全 Comprehensively 就是 48 00:03:29,280 --> 00:03:34,790 完完全全 Fairly Ironious 我们要先看到它的名词就是 49 00:03:34,790 --> 00:03:40,170 error 错误 Ironious 注意一下发音的变化形容词完全 50 00:03:40,170 --> 00:03:43,250 是 mistaken 完全是错误的我们 51 00:03:43,890 --> 00:03:47,910 现在看一下观测星空是一种什么样的感觉 A faint 52 00:03:47,910 --> 00:03:52,170 point of light in a glittery firmament 这就是 a 53 00:03:52,170 --> 00:03:53,510 glittery firmament 54 00:03:54,300 --> 00:03:56,260 群星赏色的苍穹 55 00:03:57,260 --> 00:04:02,180 然后注意到了这里吗 A faint point of light 一个小小的 56 00:04:02,180 --> 00:04:04,380 光点过了几天 57 00:04:05,660 --> 00:04:07,220 这个光点不见了 58 00:04:08,170 --> 00:04:12,890 而这个位置原来在这儿没有的现在多出来了这么一个 59 00:04:12,890 --> 00:04:18,670 光点这就是同一个过了几天他走到这儿了他会移动这 60 00:04:18,670 --> 00:04:23,690 说明他就是行星不会移动的那些是恒星要 61 00:04:25,580 --> 00:04:30,940 有最强大脑的人才能做这些事情吧 Tombo could see at 62 00:04:30,940 --> 00:04:34,260 once that the new planet was nothing like the massive 63 00:04:34,260 --> 00:04:38,440 gas ball Lowell had postulated but any reservations he 64 00:04:38,440 --> 00:04:41,360 or anyone else had about the character of the new 65 00:04:41,360 --> 00:04:45,260 planetwere soon swept aside in the delirium that 66 00:04:45,260 --> 00:04:48,900 attended almost any big news story in that easily 67 00:04:48,900 --> 00:04:55,020 excited age Tombo 一眼就可以看出来这颗新的行星根 68 00:04:55,020 --> 00:05:00,760 本就不是 Lowell 所预测的那样是一颗巨大的气体星球 69 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:01,800 But 70 00:05:02,250 --> 00:05:06,730 any reservations were soon swept aside Reservations 71 00:05:06,730 --> 00:05:12,270 指的是保留意见也就是任何不同的意见都很快的就被 72 00:05:12,270 --> 00:05:17,830 人扫到一边去了 Swept 原型是 s weep 扫地那个 s weep 73 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:23,500 再看一下 reservation 它的名词它的动词是 reserve 74 00:05:23,500 --> 00:05:28,040 Reserve 就是保留比如我们到宾馆去预订房间 to 75 00:05:28,040 --> 00:05:32,220 reserve rooms in a hotel 也就是把这个房间保留下来给 76 00:05:32,220 --> 00:05:37,070 你使用 reservations 指的就是保留意见了好 77 00:05:38,340 --> 00:05:41,280 现在我们再看一下这里有一个句子是 78 00:05:41,280 --> 00:05:44,920 reservationsreservations 这里是定语从句修饰 79 00:05:44,920 --> 00:05:48,840 reservations he or anyone else had about the character 80 00:05:48,840 --> 00:05:54,180 of the new planet 也就是无论是 Tumble 本人还是其他的 81 00:05:54,180 --> 00:06:00,060 任何人如果对于这颗行星的性质有任何的保留意见那 82 00:06:00,060 --> 00:06:02,260 也很快就被 swap aside 83 00:06:03,690 --> 00:06:07,470 in the delirium that attendedal most any big news 84 00:06:07,470 --> 00:06:12,570 stories in that easily excited agedelirium 这是名词 85 00:06:12,570 --> 00:06:18,170 是一种狂热的情绪我们看它的形容词 delirious 比如 86 00:06:18,170 --> 00:06:19,250 说 delirious joy 87 00:06:20,130 --> 00:06:24,040 狂喜 a crowd of delirious baseball fans 88 00:06:25,160 --> 00:06:27,060 一群狂热的棒球迷 89 00:06:32,190 --> 00:06:37,370 指的是当时的新闻报道普遍存在着一种狂热的情绪 90 00:06:41,200 --> 00:06:43,700 这就是他们关注的重点 91 00:06:44,360 --> 00:06:49,400 那就是这是美国人发现的第一颗行星 and no one was 92 00:06:49,400 --> ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）