第1章 迷失在宇宙中 Lost in the Cosmos · 第5讲S4

1. 老师，讲稿里说 'going to the trouble of doing something' 是不辞辛劳，这个 'trouble' 在这里具体指什么呀？能再举几个生活中的例子吗？
2. 文中提到 'invision' 是动词，意思是 'imagine'。那它和 'imagine' 在用法或语气上有什么区别？为什么这里要用 'invision' 而不是 'imagine'？
3. 讲稿里解释 'exclusively' 时提到了它的词根 'exclude'。能不能详细讲讲 'exclusively' 和 'only' 或者 'solely' 在强调排他性时有什么细微的差别？
4. 为什么大爆炸（Big Bang）能产生氢、氦这些轻元素，却无法产生碳、氧这些对我们生存至关重要的 'heavy elements'？文中提到的 'heat and energy' 到底差在哪里？
5. 那个天文学家本来是想 'mocking'（嘲讽）大爆炸理论才造出 'Big Bang' 这个词的，结果却成了正式名称。这种 '歪打正着' 的现象在科学史上常见吗？

1. Teacher, the script says 'going to the trouble of doing something' means taking pains to do something. What exactly does 'trouble' refer to here? Could you give a few more real-life examples?
2. The text mentions that 'invision' is a verb meaning 'imagine'. What's the difference between 'invision' and 'imagine' in usage or tone? Why use 'invision' instead of 'imagine' in this context?
3. When explaining 'exclusively', the script mentions its root 'exclude'. Can you explain the subtle differences between 'exclusively' and words like 'only' or 'solely' when emphasizing exclusivity?
4. Why could the Big Bang produce light elements like hydrogen and helium, but failed to produce 'heavy elements' like carbon and oxygen, which are vital for our existence? What exactly was lacking in terms of 'heat and energy'?
5. The cosmologist originally coined the term 'Big Bang' to mock the theory, yet it became the official name. Is this kind of 'accidental success' common in the history of science?

1 00:00:06,670 --> 00:00:14,210 根据瑞斯的论文,这座大宇宙的亮眼数字不会是 10 个 2 00:00:14,210 --> 00:00:18,410 0,也不是 100 个,而是亿万的亮眼数字。 3 00:00:18,610 --> 00:00:25,270 亮眼数字是宇宙的宇宙宇宙的距离等于一年亮眼的距 4 00:00:25,250 --> 00:00:25,270 离。 5 00:00:25,250 --> 00:00:26,270 So 6 00:00:26,720 --> 00:00:30,200 the number of light years means the distance to the edge 7 00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:35,600 of this larger unseen universe 就这个距离到更大的看 8 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:39,560 不见的宇宙边缘的距离如果用 light year 9 00:00:39,660 --> 00:00:45,180 如果用关联这个单位来描述的话写下来那可不是十个 10 00:00:45,180 --> 00:00:50,850 零就够的甚至一百个零也不够而要几百万个零所以这 11 00:00:50,850 --> 00:00:55,640 是一个很大很大的一个数字很长的距离 In short, 12 00:00:55,880 --> 00:00:59,060 there is more space than you can imagine alreadywith 13 00:00:59,060 --> 00:01:02,060 out going to the trouble of trying to envision some 14 00:01:02,060 --> 00:01:03,060 additional beyond 15 00:01:03,860 --> 00:01:07,460 我们先说这儿 Going to the trouble of doing something 16 00:01:07,460 --> 00:01:11,580 指的是不辞心劳地去做一件什么事 17 00:01:12,140 --> 00:01:15,280 看一下这些例句 Thank you for going to the trouble of 18 00:01:15,280 --> 00:01:17,740 writing a personal thoughtful letter 19 00:01:19,510 --> 00:01:24,210 非常感谢您不辞心劳地一个人名义专门写了这样一封 20 00:01:24,210 --> 00:01:25,430 信太周到了 21 00:01:31,020 --> 00:01:34,920 老师不辞心劳地为学生编了一本手册 22 00:01:36,180 --> 00:01:40,560 然后再看 invision 我们之前学过这个 vision 就是视野 23 00:01:40,640 --> 00:01:45,410 视觉那么 invision 加上 en 使它变成了动词它的意思就 24 00:01:45,410 --> 00:01:46,140 是 imagine 25 00:01:46,300 --> 00:01:50,200 想象出来什么样一种结果 some additional beyond 26 00:01:50,580 --> 00:01:54,080 再看 additionaladd 是增加 27 00:01:54,220 --> 00:01:59,740 加法那个加 addition 是名词那么 additional 就是形容 28 00:01:59,740 --> 00:02:05,877 词表示额外的 beyond 这个词作为副词作为那个介词的 29 00:02:05,877 --> 00:02:10,950 时候指的是在什么之外超出什么之外比如说 this is 30 00:02:10,950 --> 00:02:15,090 beyond my imagination 这已经超出了我能理解的范围 31 00:02:15,090 --> 00:02:21,450 or there is a river beyond the hill 在山的另外一头是一 32 00:02:21,450 --> 00:02:25,990 条河作为名词的话它指的就是一个未知的世界 33 00:02:27,180 --> 00:02:31,620 香港的乐队 Beyond 我觉得这个名字就起得很好因为它 34 00:02:31,620 --> 00:02:36,760 让人感觉是一种超越超越梦想超 35 00:02:36,950 --> 00:02:42,670 越现实在这个句子中 Beyond 意思是未知的世界未知的 36 00:02:42,670 --> 00:02:43,890 空间那么 37 00:02:48,810 --> 00:02:55,630 还用不着费尽心思的去想象那一个未知的世界想象了 38 00:02:55,630 --> 00:02:59,150 额外的宇宙之外的超宇宙的空间 39 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:08,930 现在我们所能够观测到的这个空间就已经大到你无法 40 00:03:08,930 --> 00:03:10,550 想象了所以 41 00:03:10,770 --> 00:03:16,710 这个句子我们的翻译可以按照这个顺序这么来就是仅 42 00:03:16,710 --> 00:03:22,130 仅是看得见的宇宙的部分就已经大得让人无法想象更 43 00:03:22,130 --> 00:03:23,610 不要说其余的部分了 44 00:03:34,860 --> 00:03:37,400 我们先要看到它的动词是 gape 45 00:03:38,660 --> 00:03:44,400 指的是张着大嘴像打呵欠的时候那样还可以表示你很 46 00:03:44,400 --> 00:03:48,100 惊讶的或者茫然地看着一个东西的时候嘴巴不知不觉 47 00:03:48,100 --> 00:03:52,880 张开的样子我们会说惊得下巴都掉下来了就那样张着 48 00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:56,140 嘴所以这个 gape 的意思就是很大的 49 00:03:56,800 --> 00:03:57,740 Great hole, 50 00:03:57,980 --> 00:04:00,320 extremely big hole 长 51 00:04:00,380 --> 00:04:05,280 期以来大爆炸理论有一个很大的漏洞这个漏洞困扰着 52 00:04:05,280 --> 00:04:12,700 许多人 Nimly 是 that is to say 也就是说他根本就没法解 53 00:04:12,700 --> 00:04:17,080 释我们是怎么来到这儿的 Although 98 54 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:21,660 of all the matter that exists was created with a big bang 55 00:04:21,660 --> 00:04:26,780 That matter consisted exclusively of light gases 56 00:04:27,640 --> 00:04:28,460 the helium, 57 00:04:28,660 --> 00:04:32,320 hydrogen and lithium that we mentioned earlier 58 00:04:33,370 --> 00:04:38,420 尽管在所有的物质当中有百分之九十八 59 00:04:40,070 --> 00:04:45,350 是随着大爆炸诞生的但是 that matter, 60 00:04:45,470 --> 00:04:49,610 that matter 这个代词指代的是什么呢就是 61 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:53,980 前面的百分之九十八所有的 matter 中的 98 62 00:04:54,480 --> 00:04:59,780 但是这一部分物质 consisted exclusively of light 63 00:04:59,780 --> 00:05:01,260 gases 这 98 64 00:05:01,680 --> 00:05:09,680 的物质全部都是由氢的气体构成 consist of 有什么组 65 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:13,660 成简单语 be composed of 而 66 00:05:13,760 --> 00:05:19,540 exclusively 我们先看一下中间这个 exclude 它的动词 67 00:05:19,540 --> 00:05:26,620 exclude E X C L U D E 可能大家更熟悉它的反义词是 68 00:05:26,620 --> 00:05:28,340 include 包括 69 00:05:28,940 --> 00:05:33,360 而 exclude 呢那就是不包括排除排 70 00:05:33,390 --> 00:05:37,110 除在外的所以 exclusively 指的就是 71 00:05:38,100 --> 00:05:43,300 只有排他性的除了这个 light gases 以外再也没有别的 72 00:05:43,300 --> 00:05:44,240 所以 73 00:05:45,100 --> 00:05:45,700 这 98 74 00:05:46,220 --> 00:05:53,000 随着大爆炸当生的物质全部都是由氢的气体构成比如 75 00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:55,540 Lihilium,氦 Hydrogen, 76 00:05:55,740 --> 00:06:00,120 氢还有 Lithium that we mentioned earlier 还有我们之 77 00:06:00,120 --> 00:06:06,670 前说到的锂 Lithium 其实是金属元素是大爆炸以来诞 78 00:06:06,670 --> 00:06:13,690 生的第一种金属也是最轻的金属它的密度比水还要小 79 00:06:13,690 --> 00:06:14,630 Not 80 00:06:15,430 --> 00:06:19,110 one particle of the heavy stuff so vital to our own 81 00:06:19,110 --> 00:06:21,090 beingcarbon,nitrogen, 82 00:06:21,570 --> 00:06:25,790 oxygen and all the restemerged from the gazier's brew 83 00:06:25,790 --> 00:06:30,390 of creation 这句我们先看细节 vital means essential 84 00:06:30,390 --> 00:06:35,590 or importantbeing means existence so the heavy stuff 85 00:06:35,590 --> 00:06:39,170 so vital so important to our own existence 86 00:06:40,740 --> 00:06:46,040 然后再看这个 brewbrew 经常是比如说泡茶 to brew tea 87 00:06:46,040 --> 00:06:53,660 还有酿酒 to brew wine 这个是动词我们看更多的例子 as 88 00:06:53,660 --> 00:06:55,420 you brew,so you must drink 89 00:06:56,450 --> 00:07:01,370 自己酿的苦酒给自己喝也就是自作自受作 90 00:07:01,590 --> 00:07:06,640 为名词呢 brew 可以指酿的酒比如说 last year's brew 就 91 00:07:06,640 --> 00:07:11,590 是去年酿的酒还有 homebrew 家酿的酒但是 92 00:07:11,620 --> 00:07:16,520 在我们的句子当中这个 brew 是名词它的意思是 a 93 00:07:16,520 --> 00:07:20,120 combination of different things For example, 94 00:07:20,240 --> 00:07:23,200 the band played a strange brew of rock, 95 00:07:23,360 --> 00:07:26,260 jazz and country music 乐 96 00:07:26,490 --> 00:07:31,910 队的风格很奇怪是摇滚爵士乡村音乐的混合对 97 00:07:33,320 --> 00:07:37,980 于我们自己的身体对于我们自身的存在不可或缺的较 98 00:07:37,980 --> 00:07:43,780 重的元素比如碳 ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）