第1章 迷失在宇宙中 Lost in the Cosmos · 第4讲S4

1. 老师，讲稿里说 'things could not be as they are'，这里为什么要用 'were changed' 这种虚拟语气啊？是不是因为现在的事实并不是这样？
2. 我有点搞混 'comparatively' 和 'stately' 的意思。这两个词连用在一起，到底是在强调速度很慢，还是在形容一种威严的感觉？
3. 讲稿里提到 'seven one thousands' 是千分之七，那如果是 'two thirds' 三分之二，为什么 'third' 要加 's' 变成复数，而 'one third' 就不加呢？
4. 'Convert hydrogen to helium' 这个转化过程，为什么必须要是 'precise'（精确）且 'stately'（稳定缓慢）的？如果太快或者太乱会怎么样？
5. Reece 说这六个数字哪怕稍微改动一点点，宇宙就不能存在了。这是否意味着我们现在的宇宙其实是'偶然'形成的，而不是必然的？

1. Teacher, why does the script use the subjunctive mood 'were changed' in 'things could not be as they are'? Is it because the current reality is different?
2. I'm a bit confused about the meanings of 'comparatively' and 'stately'. When used together, are they emphasizing that the speed is very slow, or describing a dignified feeling?
3. The script says 'seven one thousands' means seven thousandths. So why do we say 'two thirds' with an 's' for the plural, but 'one third' remains singular?
4. Why must the conversion of hydrogen to helium be 'precise' and 'stately' (slow and steady)? What would happen if it were too fast or chaotic?
5. Reece says that if any of these six numbers changed even slightly, the universe couldn't exist. Does this imply that our current universe is a product of 'chance' rather than necessity?

1 00:00:06,450 --> 00:00:10,190 Reece maintainsains that six numbers in particular 2 00:00:10,190 --> 00:00:11,830 govern our universe, 3 00:00:12,130 --> 00:00:15,950 and that if any of these values were changed even very 4 00:00:15,950 --> 00:00:18,950 slightly,things could not be as they are. 5 00:00:19,490 --> 00:00:23,050 Maintains means believes or holds. 6 00:00:23,560 --> 00:00:29,040 Reece 主张有六个特别的数字主 7 00:00:29,260 --> 00:00:31,280 宰着我们的宇宙, 8 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:35,300 govern 就是主宰管理着我们的宇宙。 9 00:00:35,300 --> 00:00:36,240 and 10 00:00:36,430 --> 00:00:41,070 the defining of these valuesvalues 指的就是前面的 11 00:00:41,070 --> 00:00:47,370 numbersvalues 是值数值也就是前面的六个数字中哪 12 00:00:47,370 --> 00:00:51,130 怕有一个稍微改动了一点点 13 00:00:52,220 --> 00:00:57,520 那么 things could not be as they are 情况就不会是现在 14 00:00:57,520 --> 00:01:03,720 的样子了这个句子是虚拟语气 were changed 这是与现 15 00:01:03,720 --> 00:01:09,580 在事实相反的假设所以条件句中用的是过去式这个 16 00:01:10,000 --> 00:01:14,880 地方是主句的谓语 things could not 主句的谓语 could 17 00:01:14,880 --> 00:01:19,280 not be as they are 就不可能是他们现在的样子了 for 18 00:01:20,080 --> 00:01:24,740 example for the universe to exist as it doesrequires 19 00:01:24,740 --> 00:01:29,260 that hydrogen be converted to helium in a precise but 20 00:01:29,260 --> 00:01:33,100 comparatively stately mannerspecifically 21 00:01:38,540 --> 00:01:39,140 要 22 00:01:41,220 --> 00:01:47,520 让宇宙按它现在这个样子存在就是要让宇宙演化成它 23 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:48,660 现在这个样子 24 00:01:49,620 --> 00:01:52,890 它需要轻以 25 00:01:53,600 --> 00:01:59,620 一种非常精确但相对来说稳定而缓慢的方式 26 00:01:59,970 --> 00:02:03,350 转化成 high 这个 27 00:02:04,310 --> 00:02:09,370 句子的主语在这 For the universe to exist as it does 整 28 00:02:09,370 --> 00:02:15,950 个是诸语 Requires 是物语而 that 引导的宾语从具就是 29 00:02:15,950 --> 00:02:21,840 做 requires 的宾语 Hydrogen be converted to helium 30 00:02:21,840 --> 00:02:26,600 Converted means be changed to helium In 31 00:02:26,760 --> 00:02:30,800 a precise but comparatively stately manner 以某种方 32 00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:36,840 式以一种很精确但相对来说缓慢而稳定的方式 33 00:02:36,840 --> 00:02:40,040 comparatively 相对相 34 00:02:40,300 --> 00:02:45,620 比较这个词我们要看到它中间有一个动词是 comp are 35 00:02:45,820 --> 00:02:46,680 拼 36 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:50,760 写是 c o m p a r ecomp are 37 00:02:50,900 --> 00:02:54,640 意思是对比比较那么 comparatively 38 00:02:54,760 --> 00:02:58,380 也就是相对来说相 39 00:02:58,570 --> 00:03:03,630 比较而言 steadily 在我们这个句子中的意思是 slow 40 00:03:03,630 --> 00:03:08,330 and steady 但是它还有其他的意思也非常常见就是 41 00:03:08,330 --> 00:03:10,250 dignified or imposing 42 00:03:11,050 --> 00:03:18,310 可以形容人比如说 a stately old lady 一个威严的老妇 43 00:03:18,310 --> 00:03:23,560 人也可以形容一个建筑比如 a stately palace 44 00:03:24,280 --> 00:03:26,620 雄伟的宫殿好 45 00:03:29,350 --> 00:03:32,010 现在再看一下破折号后面的 46 00:03:39,470 --> 00:03:46,130 前面说了以一种精确但相对来说缓慢而稳定的方式那 47 00:03:46,130 --> 00:03:49,820 这种方式到底是什么样的方式呢 48 00:03:50,570 --> 00:03:56,930 准确地来说用一个数字来表示也就是 in a way that 49 00:03:56,930 --> 00:04:01,810 converts seven one thousands of its mass to energy 也 50 00:04:02,070 --> 00:04:09,970 就是要将它的质量 mass 是质量质量的千分之七转化成 51 00:04:09,970 --> 00:04:12,310 能量这个 52 00:04:12,850 --> 00:04:21,810 its it 指的是 hydrogen 也就是轻的质量的千分之七转 53 00:04:21,810 --> 00:04:23,530 化成能量好 54 00:04:24,530 --> 00:04:27,090 现在我们看一下这个分数的表达 55 00:04:28,140 --> 00:04:31,380 我们先看这里 seven one thousands 56 00:04:32,730 --> 00:04:33,770 one thousand 57 00:04:34,590 --> 00:04:37,570 one thousand 这里要看到它有一个 th 58 00:04:38,270 --> 00:04:44,610 所以这里并不是一千的意思而是一千分之一那么前 59 00:04:44,700 --> 00:04:50,600 面有一个七也就是七个的千分之一那不就是千分之七 60 00:04:50,600 --> 00:04:51,820 了吗我们 61 00:04:52,780 --> 00:04:54,840 再多看一些例子三 62 00:04:55,000 --> 00:05:00,820 分之一 one third 要注意我们不能说 one three 而是 one 63 00:05:00,820 --> 00:05:02,480 third 道 64 00:05:02,930 --> 00:05:06,530 理跟前面的一样你不能叫 one thousand 而是 one 65 00:05:06,530 --> 00:05:09,250 thousands 后面还有一个 th 66 00:05:11,220 --> 00:05:16,600 那三分之一它只有一个的三分之一嘛所以 third 这个 67 00:05:16,600 --> 00:05:22,240 地方还是单数的但三分之二就要说 two thirds 68 00:05:23,160 --> 00:05:25,280 也就是三 69 00:05:25,820 --> 00:05:31,740 份里边它占了两份它有两个的三分之一所以这里要复 70 00:05:31,740 --> 00:05:37,160 数这个道理跟前面的 seven one thousands 很相似 71 00:05:37,620 --> 00:05:42,500 两千分之七其实还可以这样表示也就是不要这个 one 72 00:05:42,500 --> 00:05:45,920 直接说 seven thousands 中文字幕志愿者杨茜茜