第1章 迷失在宇宙中 Lost in the Cosmos · 第3讲S6

1. 老师，讲稿里说宇宙在那一瞬间就拥有了一个“vast”的宇宙，为什么形容词vast不直接放在universe前面，非要后置呢？
2. 文中提到宇宙宽度“至少”是一千亿光年，但后面又说上限可能是无限大，既然不知道确切大小，为什么还要强调这个具体的数字呢？
3. 讲稿里用“perfectly arrayed”来形容宇宙，还特意解释了这是像“排兵布阵”一样整齐，这和普通的“arranged”有什么区别？
4. 为什么科学家会说关于大爆炸起因的那些问题（比如是否有永恒循环）非常接近宗教问题？这跟科学解释有什么关系？
5. 最后提到的“Goldilocks and the three bears”（金发姑娘与三只熊）这个故事，具体是怎么用来解释宇宙为什么“刚刚好”适合我们存在的？

1. Why is the adjective 'vast' placed after 'universe' instead of directly in front of it as usual?
2. If the universe's size is unknown and could be infinite, why does the text emphasize the specific number of 'at least a hundred billion light years'?
3. How is 'perfectly arrayed' different from just 'arranged', especially since it's compared to military formation?
4. Why do scientists consider questions about the cause of the Big Bang, such as eternal cycles, to be close to religious questions?
5. How exactly does the story of 'Goldilocks and the three bears' explain why the universe is 'just right' for us?

1 00:00:09,730 --> 00:00:14,510 这么大的数字,这当然我们是无法想象, 2 00:00:14,530 --> 00:00:15,870 无法理解的。 3 00:00:41,590 --> 00:00:44,930 这样的一个数字显然无 4 00:00:44,990 --> 00:00:49,810 法理解那我们只要知道这一点就够了 It is enough to 5 00:00:49,810 --> 00:00:54,470 know that 只要知道这一点就够了我们只要知道 in a 6 00:00:54,470 --> 00:00:57,030 single cracking instantinstant means 7 00:00:57,030 --> 00:01:02,870 momentcracking 是一个象声词就是啪的一声那整个意 8 00:01:02,870 --> 00:01:08,350 思就是说在短暂的一瞬间 We were endowed with the 9 00:01:08,350 --> 00:01:13,410 universeendowed 是获得拥有的意思 10 00:01:13,950 --> 00:01:17,970 比如说 she was endowed with both good looks and brains 11 00:01:17,970 --> 00:01:23,910 那这种获得或者拥有往往都是指上天自然赋予你的东 12 00:01:23,910 --> 00:01:28,900 西她拥有就是她拥有与生俱来的 13 00:01:29,660 --> 00:01:36,440 她拥有天生就有好的外表和聪明的脑袋 so 14 00:01:37,940 --> 00:01:41,300 we were endowed with a universe 就那么瞬间, 15 00:01:41,360 --> 00:01:43,220 我们就拥有了一个宇宙, 16 00:01:43,340 --> 00:01:46,300 我们就拥有了一个巨大的宇宙, 17 00:01:46,420 --> 00:01:48,300 a universe that was vast, 18 00:01:48,740 --> 00:01:50,570 有多大呢? 19 00:01:50,630 --> 00:01:54,030 at least a hundred billion light years across, 20 00:01:54,410 --> 00:01:55,230 至 21 00:01:55,420 --> 00:01:55,900 少, 22 00:01:55,940 --> 00:02:00,840 它的这个宽度至少是 a hundred billion light years, 23 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:03,460 billion 是亿, 24 00:02:04,460 --> 00:02:07,120 a hundred billion,一千亿, 25 00:02:07,160 --> 00:02:11,640 至少是一千亿光年,光年又是多大呢? 26 00:02:11,640 --> 00:02:16,380 就是光在一年走过的距离好了我觉得我们已经 27 00:02:16,920 --> 00:02:21,150 已经无法想象了这里面这里少到一个 billion 少了一 28 00:02:21,150 --> 00:02:24,420 个 trillion 我觉得对我们都已经没有关系了反正都是 29 00:02:24,420 --> 00:02:28,040 一个根本就 ungraspable number 30 00:02:29,420 --> 00:02:33,940 好现在大家可以看一下注意一下 that was vast a 31 00:02:33,940 --> 00:02:36,160 universe that was vast 32 00:02:36,570 --> 00:02:41,950 为什么 vast 不放在 universe 的前面就直接说 33 00:02:45,670 --> 00:02:46,070 正 34 00:02:47,220 --> 00:02:52,640 常情况下形容词直接就放在名词的前面没有必要弄成 35 00:02:52,640 --> 00:02:56,940 一个定语重句放在后面因为弄成一个定语重句使句子 36 00:02:56,940 --> 00:02:58,540 变得复杂了这样就不好了 37 00:02:59,040 --> 00:03:03,180 但是这里呢它放在后面是有一个原因的因为它还要具 38 00:03:03,180 --> 00:03:07,700 体地说明这个 fast 到底有多大所以它放在后面这样就 39 00:03:07,700 --> 00:03:09,280 可以跟后面的这个数字 40 00:03:10,080 --> 00:03:12,380 很好的联系在一起 but 41 00:03:14,680 --> 00:03:19,680 possibly any size up to infinite 这个数字是至少这么 42 00:03:19,680 --> 00:03:20,920 大但 43 00:03:21,140 --> 00:03:25,640 其实我们并不清楚它到底有多大我们只知道它至少这 44 00:03:25,640 --> 00:03:26,100 么大 45 00:03:26,710 --> 00:03:32,430 那上限是多少呢不知道很可能是 any size up to 46 00:03:32,430 --> 00:03:36,230 infinite 很可能是无限大 and 47 00:03:36,580 --> 00:03:40,360 perfectly arrayed for the creation of stars, 48 00:03:40,640 --> 00:03:43,740 galaxies and other complex systems 49 00:03:44,380 --> 00:03:48,740 而且它还排列得非常整齐 arranged means 50 00:03:48,740 --> 00:03:55,540 arrangedarranged 这个词经常是指排兵布阵排兵布阵 51 00:03:55,540 --> 00:04:02,000 就是士兵把它排列得整整齐齐的所以 perfectly 52 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:06,800 arranged 就是 perfectly arranged 整个是井然有序的 53 00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:10,490 一个宇宙就等待着恒 54 00:04:11,100 --> 00:04:18,050 星星系还有其他一些复杂系统的诞生 complex system 55 00:04:18,050 --> 00:04:21,130 complex 复杂的 Now 56 00:04:24,040 --> 00:04:27,180 let's look back on what we have covered today What 57 00:04:28,300 --> 00:04:29,400 caused the Big Bang? 58 00:04:29,660 --> 00:04:34,350 The scientists proposed many different notions Are 59 00:04:35,700 --> 00:04:39,900 we simply part of an eternal cycle of expanding and 60 00:04:39,900 --> 00:04:40,780 collapsing universes? 61 00:04:44,100 --> 00:04:48,980 introduced some degree of instability into the 62 00:04:48,980 --> 00:04:50,340 nothingness that was. 63 00:04:50,680 --> 00:04:54,960 Were big bans going on all the time everywhere? 64 00:04:56,820 --> 00:05:02,810 Was there space and time in other forms before the big 65 00:05:02,810 --> 00:05:03,090 ban? 66 00:05:04,730 --> 00:05:09,880 One scientist concluded that these are very close to 67 00:05:09,880 --> 00:05:10,800 religious questions. 68 00:05:12,760 --> 00:05:16,700 Well,then Alan Guth proposed inflation theory. 69 00:05:18,890 --> 00:05:23,070 The universe underwent a dramatic expansion shortly 70 00:05:23,070 --> 00:05:24,370 after the Big Bang. 71 00:05:25,030 --> 00:05:27,230 But what happened after the Big Bang? 72 00:05:28,140 --> 00:05:32,180 Well,a lot of things appeared in very short time. 73 00:05:33,140 --> 00:05:34,120 First the gravity, 74 00:05:34,280 --> 00:05:37,540 then electromagnetism and nuclear forces, 75 00:05:38,300 --> 00:05:40,140 then elementary particles, 76 00:05:40,420 --> 00:05:44,900 and the universe itself was doubling in size every 10 to 77 00:05:44,900 --> 00:05:52,300 the power of minus 34 seconds.Then we had a universe But 78 00:05:53,260 --> 00:05:58,450 then Here's another question But 79 00:05:59,000 --> 00:06:03,560 why is the universeturned out so well for us 我们 80 00:06:05,060 --> 00:06:09,340 的宇宙为什么就这么适合我们为什么就这么刚刚好呢 81 00:06:09,340 --> 00:06:10,340 You 82 00:06:12,070 --> 00:06:15,930 can find out about Goldilocks and the three bears You 83 00:06:15,930 --> 00:06:19,450 can find out about this storybefore our next section 84 00:06:19,450 --> 00:06:21,980 Bye bye Thank you