第1章 迷失在宇宙中 Lost in the Cosmos · 第1讲

1. 老师，讲稿里提到太阳系天体都在同一个 'plane' 上，但 'plane' 平时不都是指飞机吗？这里到底啥意思呀？
2. 文中说 Bill Bryson 不是科学家，那他是怎么把那些像量子力学、地质学这么难的科学知识，讲得连外行人都觉得有趣的呢？
3. 这里提到了 'cosmos' 和 'universe' 都是宇宙的意思，它们有啥区别吗？为什么作者要特意区分这两个词？
4. 为什么 'lunacy'（精神失常）这个词的词根是 'luna'（月亮）？古人觉得月亮和人的精神状态有啥关系吗？
5. 作者用 'a little dip of ink'（一个小墨点）能装下5000亿个质子来比喻质子有多小，这个例子虽然形象，但5000亿这个数字对我们来说还是太抽象了，有没有更生活化的对比？

1. In the text, it says all solar system bodies are on the same 'plane'. But doesn't 'plane' usually mean an airplane? What does it mean here?
2. The text mentions Bill Bryson isn't a scientist, but how does he manage to explain complex topics like quantum mechanics in a way that ordinary people find interesting?
3. Both 'cosmos' and 'universe' refer to the universe in the text. What's the difference between them, and why does the author distinguish between the two?
4. Why is the word 'lunacy' (mental illness) derived from 'luna' (moon)? Did the ancients think there was a connection between the moon and human mental states?
5. The author uses a 'little dip of ink' holding 500 billion protons to illustrate how small a proton is. While vivid, is 500 billion still too abstract? Are there any more relatable comparisons?

1 00:00:16,590 --> 00:00:17,750 你有没有看过这张图片? 2 00:00:18,430 --> 00:00:21,590 也许在你的高中地理课书上吗? 3 00:00:22,330 --> 00:00:24,770 我第一次看到的时候很惊讶。 4 00:00:25,400 --> 00:00:28,400 肯定没有人能像这个样子把地球剪开来看。 5 00:00:30,020 --> 00:00:34,020 但科学家是如何找到地球不同层次, 6 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:36,900 以及每个层次的厚度和厚度呢? 7 00:00:38,550 --> 00:00:41,150 书籍并没有回答这些问题。 8 00:00:42,050 --> 00:00:44,530 书籍告诉我们事实和图片, 9 00:00:44,530 --> 00:00:48,610 but they do not answer our whys and hows F 10 00:00:49,030 --> 00:00:49,530 ortunately, 11 00:00:49,950 --> 00:00:51,050 Bill 12 00:00:51,140 --> 00:00:54,140 Bryson has written a book to answer the questions of 13 00:00:54,140 --> 00:00:56,860 curious people like you and me A 14 00:00:57,220 --> 00:01:01,160 Short History of Nearly Everything Everything 15 00:01:01,250 --> 00:01:03,550 here includes astronomy, 16 00:01:04,070 --> 00:01:04,610 chemistry, 17 00:01:05,230 --> 00:01:06,790 evolution,geology, 18 00:01:07,370 --> 00:01:09,670 paleontology and even quantum mechanics 19 00:01:11,290 --> 00:01:14,710 万物简史包罗万象,包括天文学, 20 00:01:14,870 --> 00:01:18,190 化学,进化论,地质学,古生物学, 21 00:01:18,350 --> 00:01:20,890 粒子物理,乃至量子力学。 22 00:01:22,260 --> 00:01:26,000 Bill Bryson is not a scientist.He is a writer. 23 00:01:26,950 --> 00:01:29,590 He has written a huge lot of books. 24 00:01:30,010 --> 00:01:33,610 Most of them travelogues about his adventures across 25 00:01:33,610 --> 00:01:34,290 the world. 26 00:01:35,120 --> 00:01:38,140 Some of them are about the English language.He 27 00:01:40,890 --> 00:01:44,890 understands how intimidating science can be to those 28 00:01:44,890 --> 00:01:48,630 who are not so science minded and he knows how to explain 29 00:01:48,630 --> 00:01:52,490 things in a way that ordinary people find interesting 30 00:01:52,490 --> 00:01:53,710 The 31 00:01:56,300 --> 00:01:59,660 Times referred to this book as a 32 00:01:59,860 --> 00:02:02,480 travelogue of sciencewith a witty, 33 00:02:02,740 --> 00:02:07,260 engaging and well informed guide who loves this patch 34 00:02:07,260 --> 00:02:11,740 and is desperate to share its delights with us 英 35 00:02:13,050 --> 00:02:14,390 国的泰晤士报 36 00:02:14,550 --> 00:02:21,330 把万物简史这本书比作科学界的旅游文学作 37 00:02:22,260 --> 00:02:27,440 者 Bill Bryson 就是一个导游他知识渊博, 38 00:02:28,360 --> 00:02:30,800 幽默风趣他 39 00:02:32,080 --> 00:02:35,500 热爱自己负责的这块景区迫 40 00:02:35,980 --> 00:02:39,800 切地想和我们分享他的精彩让 41 00:02:40,180 --> 00:02:44,160 我们跟随 Bill Bryson 一同开启赋予智慧、 42 00:02:44,300 --> 00:02:49,600 风趣幽默而又大开眼界的科学之旅吧 Part 43 00:02:52,040 --> 00:02:54,980 1 Lost in the Cosmos 44 00:02:55,580 --> 00:03:00,230 迷失在宇宙中 Cosmos is the universe, 45 00:03:00,590 --> 00:03:05,030 especially when you think of it as an orderly system The 46 00:03:05,990 --> 00:03:10,150 opposite of Cosmos is Chaos Cosmos 47 00:03:10,350 --> 00:03:11,170 指 48 00:03:11,230 --> 00:03:17,000 的是一个有序体系的宇宙而 chaos 指的是宇宙未开之 49 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:19,510 前的混沌状态 They 50 00:03:21,300 --> 00:03:25,640 are all in the same plane They are all going around in the 51 00:03:25,640 --> 00:03:27,940 same direction It's perfect, 52 00:03:28,120 --> 00:03:34,480 you know It's gorgeous It's almost uncanny Astronomer 53 00:03:34,480 --> 00:03:37,020 Geoffrey Marcy describing the solar system 54 00:03:37,880 --> 00:03:43,360 这是一位天文学家描述太阳系的一句话作为第一部分 55 00:03:43,360 --> 00:03:45,000 的引言 They 56 00:03:45,480 --> 00:03:47,520 are all in the same plane Could 57 00:03:47,900 --> 00:03:51,420 this plane be the plane that flies in the sky? 58 00:03:53,250 --> 00:03:56,670 Very often when you think you know a word but its meaning 59 00:03:56,670 --> 00:04:00,430 does not fit in the context most probably you don't 60 00:04:00,430 --> 00:04:04,790 really know this wordplane 这里也不是飞机的意思 61 00:04:05,990 --> 00:04:11,850 其实它指的是平面 They are all in the same plane 是指太 62 00:04:11,850 --> 00:04:15,010 阳系中的所有的星体它的 63 00:04:15,260 --> 00:04:19,240 运行轨道都是在同一个平面的 And they are going 64 00:04:19,240 --> 00:04:23,440 around in the same direction 运行的方向也是一致的 65 00:04:23,440 --> 00:04:25,120 It's perfect, 66 00:04:25,220 --> 00:04:30,130 you know It's gorgeous Gorgeous means very beautiful, 67 00:04:30,350 --> 00:04:34,460 very attractive You can say gorgeous women, 68 00:04:34,760 --> 00:04:37,320 gorgeous men Gorgeous sunset, 69 00:04:37,760 --> 00:04:44,990 gorgeous waterfalls 可以用来指人或者风景 It's 70 00:04:44,990 --> 00:04:46,310 almost uncanny It 71 00:04:46,630 --> 00:04:52,090 means that it is so strange that it is almost impossible 72 00:04:52,090 --> 00:04:58,930 to explain Uncanny 指的是诡异神秘 So mysterious, 73 00:04:59,450 --> 00:05:07,540 so strange Astronomer 是天文学家中间的 astro 是星星 74 00:05:07,540 --> 00:05:13,850 的意思 Astronomer actually means a person who looks at 75 00:05:13,850 --> 00:05:14,270 stars 76 00:05:15,240 --> 00:05:20,980 所以天文学家还有一个俗称是 stargazergaze means 77 00:05:20,980 --> 00:05:24,460 look atastronomy 78 00:05:24,640 --> 00:05:26,640 天文学还有 79 00:05:26,700 --> 00:05:36,000 astronaut 是宇航员 solar systemsolar 是太阳系 like 80 00:05:38,660 --> 00:05:39,460 solar calendar 81 00:05:39,720 --> 00:05:45,580 这是指太阳里也就是根据地球绕太阳公转的周期而制 82 00:05:45,580 --> 00:05:51,020 定的立法叫 solar calendar 像我们现在用的功力或者 83 00:05:51,020 --> 00:05:55,900 说心力就是一种 solar calendar 它一年是 365 天的 84 00:05:55,900 --> 00:06:00,110 solar energy 是太阳能与 85 00:06:00,460 --> 00:06:06,560 solar 相对的一个词 luna 是指月亮的 luna calendar 指 86 00:06:06,560 --> 00:06:12,080 的就是依照月亮绕地球转的周期而制定的立法 87 00:06:13,180 --> 00:06:18,340 像我们传统的农历就是一种 luna calendar 88 00:06:20,040 --> 00:06:27,160 Lunar New Year 就我们说的传统的农历春节就可以叫做 89 00:06:27,160 --> 00:06:30,160 Lunar New Year 农历新年过 90 00:06:31,920 --> 00:06:39,020 去的人有一点迷信觉得月球的音月亮的音琴圆缺跟地 91 00:06:39,020 --> 00:06:45,080 球上人们的行为状态有一点的关系觉得月圆之夜呢人 92 00:06:45,080 --> 00:06:51,260 比较容易出现异常 Lunacy 就是指这种精神异常的疯狂 93 00:06:51,260 --> 00:06:54,500 的状态而 lunatic 就是疯子 94 00:06:55,120 --> 00:06:56,080 俗称 luny 95 00:06:57,150 --> 00:07:01,330 在哈利波特里边有一个小姑娘名字叫 Luna Love good ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）