第1章 迷失在宇宙中 Lost in the Cosmos · 第1讲S3

1. 老师，讲稿里说 'shrinking 是想象的冰原'，这里的 '冰原' 具体是啥意思呀？为啥用这个比喻？
2. 把一亿倍大小的质子缩小到十亿分之一放进小空间，和把整个宇宙所有物质挤成一个点，这两个操作在 'pack into' 和 'squeeze into' 的使用上有啥区别吗？
3. 为啥膨胀宇宙（inflationary universe）叫 'inflationary' 而大爆炸宇宙（Big Bang universe）叫 'old fashioned' 和 'standard'？这两个理论有啥不同？
4. 为什么把宇宙所有物质挤进一个 'so compact that it has no dimensions at all' 的点之后，那个点就被叫做 'singularity'（奇点）呢？
5. 讲稿里提到 'edge of creation'（宇宙诞生的边缘），这个概念是咋理解？它和 'singularity' 有啥关系？

1. Teacher, the script says 'shrinking is an imagined ice field'. What does 'ice field' mean here? Why use this metaphor?
2. In the script, 'pack into' is used for shrinking a proton, while 'squeeze into' is used for compressing the whole universe. Is there a difference in how these two phrases are used?
3. Why is the inflationary universe called 'inflationary' while the Big Bang universe is described as 'old fashioned' and 'standard'? What's the difference between these two theories?
4. Why is the point where all matter is compressed to 'no dimensions at all' called a 'singularity'?
5. The script mentions the 'edge of creation'. How should I understand this concept, and what is its relationship with 'singularity'?

1 00:00:06,800 --> 00:00:09,920 现在,假设你能做到,当然你不能做到, 2 00:00:09,920 --> 00:00:16,720 把一个这种磁链的一亿的大小降到一个那么小的空间 3 00:00:16,700 --> 00:00:18,460 里,让磁链看起来很大。 4 00:00:19,080 --> 00:00:23,320 现在,把一个这种磁链的一亿的大小包起来, 5 00:00:23,360 --> 00:00:26,740 很棒,你准备好了开始宇宙。 6 00:00:28,680 --> 00:00:30,060 看到 shrinking 的时候, 7 00:00:30,160 --> 00:00:31,280 是否感到疑惑? 8 00:00:31,500 --> 00:00:34,380 它跟在看的后面却不是圆形。 9 00:00:34,780 --> 00:00:37,960 其实,shrinking 是想象的冰原。 10 00:00:37,960 --> 00:00:41,600 它并不是跟在 can 的后面 imagine 11 00:00:41,720 --> 00:00:47,740 后面跟上这个动名词表示想象设想一下这种情况 12 00:00:48,820 --> 00:00:52,160 if you can and of course you can't 这个部分我们先把它 13 00:00:52,160 --> 00:00:54,820 抽取出来只看它的主干部分 14 00:00:55,810 --> 00:00:57,610 现在让我们来想象一下 15 00:00:58,190 --> 00:01:05,620 把其中的一个质子缩小到它正常大小的十亿分之一 16 00:01:06,820 --> 00:01:13,420 然后再放进一个很小的空间这个空间小到什么程度呢 17 00:01:13,420 --> 00:01:18,620 So small that it would make a proton look enormous 这个 18 00:01:18,620 --> 00:01:25,600 空间极小极小在它面前一个质子都会显得非常大 19 00:01:25,600 --> 00:01:30,160 Enormous 前面已经说过质子本身就已经小得无法想象 20 00:01:30,160 --> 00:01:36,360 而这个空间它就更小了在它的面前连质子都显得是庞 21 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:37,960 然大物 Now 22 00:01:39,110 --> 00:01:42,990 pack into that tiny tiny space about an ounce of matter 23 00:01:43,890 --> 00:01:47,230 然后再往这个极小的空间里面 24 00:01:48,830 --> 00:01:52,530 塞进去 pack into 就是使 25 00:01:52,690 --> 00:01:59,670 劲地往里面塞进去 an ounce of matter 一盎司的物质盎 26 00:01:59,670 --> 00:02:05,370 司是一个计量单位大概就是 28 克好 27 00:02:06,110 --> 00:02:11,410 极了 You're ready to start a universe 现在你就可以启 28 00:02:11,410 --> 00:02:16,280 动一个宇宙了 I'm assuming of course that you wish to 29 00:02:16,280 --> 00:02:19,820 build an inflationary universe If you'd prefer 30 00:02:19,820 --> 00:02:24,000 instead to build a more old fashioned standard Big Bang 31 00:02:24,000 --> 00:02:26,340 universe You'll need additional materials 32 00:02:27,040 --> 00:02:30,920 In fact,you'll need to gather up everything there is 33 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:52,460 这里的 assuming 就是我们刚才说的假设假定 34 00:02:53,390 --> 00:02:58,210 当然呢我假定你想要建造的是一个膨胀型宇宙 35 00:02:58,210 --> 00:03:03,630 inflation 我们要看到中间的 inflate 意思是充气 36 00:03:03,630 --> 00:03:10,790 inflation 名词指的是膨胀我们说的通货膨胀也是用 37 00:03:10,790 --> 00:03:17,310 这个词 deflate 是 inflate 的反义词是指抽气让它缩小 38 00:03:17,310 --> 00:03:18,350 OK 39 00:03:20,840 --> 00:03:24,080 If you prefer instead to build a more old 40 00:03:24,080 --> 00:03:26,400 fashionedstandard Big Bang universe 41 00:03:27,400 --> 00:03:31,060 如果你想要建造的是一个老式的 42 00:03:34,320 --> 00:03:40,300 大爆炸型宇宙为什么说这个大爆炸型宇宙是 standard 43 00:03:41,300 --> 00:03:49,340 因为大爆炸理论是一个被人们广为接受的理论而且它 44 00:03:49,340 --> 00:03:54,540 产生的年代更早所以说是 old fashioned 老式的而这个 45 00:03:54,540 --> 00:04:00,160 inflationary theory 膨胀理论是更后来就是更迟出现 46 00:04:00,160 --> 00:04:00,360 的 47 00:04:02,290 --> 00:04:05,870 如果你想要建造的是一个 Big Bang Universe You will 48 00:04:05,870 --> 00:04:09,770 need additional materials 你还需要更多的其他的东 49 00:04:09,770 --> 00:04:10,990 西事 50 00:04:11,440 --> 00:04:14,560 实上呢 You will need to gather up everything there is 51 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:16,460 and squeeze it into a spot 52 00:04:17,300 --> 00:04:23,420 事实上你需要收集宇宙中的所有的一切 Everything 53 00:04:23,420 --> 00:04:25,460 there is There 54 00:04:25,840 --> 00:04:31,490 is 指的是目前存在的现在存在的所有东西你都必须把 55 00:04:31,490 --> 00:04:39,040 它收集起来然后呢再把它挤压到一个小小的一个小点 56 00:04:39,040 --> 00:04:40,520 中去现在 57 00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:46,880 我们再把细节挂上去 everything there is 有一个破折 58 00:04:46,880 --> 00:04:51,460 号就是补充说明 everything there is 指的是什么呢指 59 00:04:51,460 --> 00:04:55,640 的就是从现在从这里一直到 60 00:04:56,860 --> 00:05:02,080 宇宙当生的边缘 the edge of creationedge 是边缘 61 00:05:03,110 --> 00:05:06,770 从这里到宇宙当生的边缘这 62 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:12,800 中间包含的所有物质的所有的粒子 mult 和 particle 都 63 00:05:12,800 --> 00:05:17,540 是粒子的意思每一个粒子都要 gather up 然后 64 00:05:18,590 --> 00:05:24,330 再 squeeze it into a spot 再把它挤压到一个小小的小点 65 00:05:24,330 --> 00:05:29,870 这个小点呢是 so infinitesimally compact 是如此的微 66 00:05:29,870 --> 00:05:31,210 小意思 67 00:05:33,200 --> 00:05:38,710 是微缩的微型的比如 compact disk 我们说的 CD 就是这 68 00:05:38,710 --> 00:05:43,500 个 compact disk 在一个很小的空间里能够写入很多的 69 00:05:43,500 --> 00:05:48,440 数据 compact camera 又是微型微型照相机 70 00:05:49,460 --> 00:05:54,540 把它压缩到一个这么小的一个空间小到什么程度呢 so 71 00:05:54,540 --> 00:05:59,240 compact that it has no dimensions at alldimensions 就 72 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:05,180 是维度我们说的二维空间三维就是这个 two 73 00:06:05,180 --> 00:06:08,280 dimensional two dimensionalthree dimensional 74 00:06:09,420 --> 00:06:16,180 长宽高 three dimensional 平时说的三 D 就是这个 D 就是 75 00:06:16,180 --> 00:06:20,520 dimensions 所以这个 spot 它是这么小它几乎没有 76 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:25,520 dimensions 几乎没有什么体积可以 it is known as a 77 00:06:25,520 --> 00:06:29,540 singularity 好了你把所有的东西都塞进去以后你就 78 00:06:29,540 --> 00:06:34,140 得到了一个起点 singularity 就是起点 79 00:06:34,620 --> 00:06:38,760 奇怪的起也就是电视剧欢乐颂 80 00:06:38,860 --> 00:06:41,300 里面有一个男主角的网名