5. 丝路纹样通史 (下)—— 隋唐至明清纹样风格迭代

课程:锦绣之美(ENGL026)主讲:张慧琴教授词汇 36 条句型 2 条要点 1 条
一、本课要点
二、核心词汇(36)
词条释义 / 讲解
all the ragephr. 风靡一时,非常流行。形容唐代外来服饰、音乐等元素极度盛行。
mural壁画。指绘制在墙壁上的艺术品,此处指莫高窟壁画。
Grottoes石窟。常指佛教石窟寺,如Mogao Grottoes(莫高窟)。
scattered-dot style散点式,一种将图案元素分散排列的装饰风格。
symmetrical对称的。形容图案左右或中心对称排列的形式。
pearl-roundel style联珠纹,由一圈珍珠状圆点组成的边框纹样,源自波斯。
intersperse穿插,指在图案中交错排列不同元素以形成节奏感。
baoxiang flower宝相花,一种虚构的吉祥花卉图案,象征庄严完美。
plump and mellow丰满圆润,形容唐代艺术风格饱满、成熟且富有张力。
complementary colors互补色,如金与银,并置使用以产生强烈视觉对比。
Tangcao唐草,即卷草纹,以流畅卷曲的植物茎叶为特征的纹样。
pearl border联珠纹。由圆珠排列成圈作为纹样边框的装饰图案。
Sasanian Persian Empire萨珊波斯帝国,对隋唐联珠纹艺术风格产生深远影响。
inheritancen. 继承;传承。此处指中原传统的延续。
nomadicadj. 游牧的。指代北方民族的生活方式。
palindromen. 回文。指正读反读皆通的诗句,体现高超文学技巧。
permeatev. 渗透;弥漫。指图案艺术深入社会生活各个层面。
weave gold织金工艺。指在织物中掺入金线或银线进行织造的技术,元代尤为盛行。
craftsmanshipn. 工艺;手艺。指金织造技术的精湛程度。
nomadic people游牧民族。指以游牧为生、逐水草而居的民族,如契丹、蒙古等。
nasaikh纳石失。元代对织金锦的称呼,源自波斯语,是中西文化交流的实物见证。
medallionn. 徽章;圆形饰章。指八瓣或六瓣团花图案。
double-headed eagle双头鹰。欧洲及中亚常见的纹章图案,此处作为中西文化交流的关键证据。
motifn. 主题;图案。艺术作品中反复出现的核心视觉元素。
mutual learning文明互鉴。指不同文明之间相互学习、借鉴,此处指欧亚大陆的艺术交流。
pinnaclen. 顶峰,最高点。此处指明清图案艺术达到了古代中国的最高水平。
auspiciousadj. 吉利的,吉祥的。形容带有美好祝愿的文化氛围。
chinoiserien. 中国风(艺术/装饰)。17-18世纪欧洲流行的模仿中国艺术风格的潮流。
hallmarkn. 显著特征,标志。指这些图案明显带有西方艺术风格的印记。
sensibilityn. 感受力,审美情趣。此处指西方设计审美与中国传统色彩偏好的融合。
aesthetic collision审美碰撞。指中西方艺术风格在明清时期相互影响、融合产生的火花。
silhouetten. 轮廓,外形。指这件织锦长袍具有西式外套的剪裁轮廓。
cuff袖口。指衣袖末端翻折或独立的部分,如shirt cuff。
tailored剪裁合体的/定制的。此处指经过立体剪裁和打板的工艺。
中西合璧East meets West. 指中国风格与西方风格完美结合。
prowessn. 高超技艺,卓越能力。指明清时期中国在丝绸工艺方面的创新实力。
三、句型与语法点(2)
要点说明
dating back to追溯至……的过去分词短语,作后置定语修饰先行词。
Idiom: 图必有意,意必吉祥图案必有寓意,寓意必求吉祥。明清纹样核心特征,体现“图必吉祥”的文化心理。
四、课堂讨论题
1. 唐代纹样里的波斯元素是怎么来的?
2. 宝相花和卷草纹在唐代有多流行?
3. 唐代纹样和之前朝代有啥明显区别?
4. 如果做汉服设计,唐代纹样怎么搭配?
5. 丝路纹样对现代设计有什么启发?
五、Discussion Questions (English)
1. How did Persian elements get into Tang dynasty patterns?
2. How popular were the treasure flower and scrolling grass patterns in the Tang dynasty?
3. What are the main differences between Tang dynasty patterns and those from earlier dynasties?
4. If I were designing Hanfu, how should I combine Tang dynasty patterns?
5. What inspiration do Silk Road patterns offer for modern design?
六、听力 / 讲稿全文
1 00:01:48,600 --> 00:01:52,033 5.2 Patterns of the Sui Tang Dynasties: 2 00:01:52,033 --> 00:01:55,000 Plump Integration and Diverse Innovations 3 00:01:55,000 --> 00:02:00,033 So, what specific characteristics did the patterns 4 00:02:00,033 --> 00:02:03,766 of the Sui and Tang Dynasties possess? 5 00:02:03,766 --> 00:02:06,333 First of all, in terms of form 6 00:02:06,333 --> 00:02:09,766 novel patterns such as the scattered-dot style 7 00:02:09,766 --> 00:02:13,833 symmetrical style and pearl-roundel style emerged 8 00:02:13,833 --> 00:02:16,000 Designers would cleverly intersperse 9 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:18,466 single flowers and scrolling leaves 10 00:02:18,466 --> 00:02:22,033 arranging them alternately to form various patterns 11 00:02:22,033 --> 00:02:24,333 Examples of popular designs at that time included 12 00:02:24,333 --> 00:02:27,100 the pearl-roundel “baoxiang” flower pattern 13 00:02:27,100 --> 00:02:29,733 circular motif and scrolling grass pattern 14 00:02:29,733 --> 00:02:32,033 The mainstream patterns of this period featured 15 00:02:32,033 --> 00:02:35,166 a realistic style—such as clustered flowers 16 00:02:35,166 --> 00:02:38,666 sprigged flowers and birds carrying flowers in their beaks 17 00:02:38,666 --> 00:02:41,100 Most of these patterns appeared in pairs 18 00:02:41,100 --> 00:02:43,633 presenting a plump and mellow look 19 00:02:43,633 --> 00:02:46,900 with particularly bold and smooth lines 20 00:02:46,900 --> 00:02:49,366 They perfectly embodied the in-depth integration 21 00:02:49,366 --> 00:02:52,733 of the decorative arts of Central Asia and West Asia 22 00:02:52,733 --> 00:02:55,466 with the traditional culture of the Central Plains 23 00:02:55,466 --> 00:02:58,333 Displayed in this PPT is a section of Court 24 00:02:58,333 --> 00:03:00,566 Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers 25 00:03:00,566 --> 00:03:02,500 painted by Zhou Fang of the Tang Dynasty 26 00:03:02,500 --> 00:03:05,233 The patterns on the maidservants’ dresses 27 00:03:05,233 --> 00:03:07,866 are exactly the baoxiang flower patterns 28 00:03:07,866 --> 00:03:09,433 5.3 Illustrations 29 00:03:09,433 --> 00:03:12,366 This page will focus on two classic patterns 30 00:03:12,366 --> 00:03:15,233 The first is the Lingyang Duke Pattern 31 00:03:15,233 --> 00:03:17,433 It makes dyeing and weaving patterns appear 32 00:03:17,433 --> 00:03:20,033 particularly plump and gorgeous by 33 00:03:20,033 --> 00:03:22,433 extensively using complementary colors 34 00:03:22,433 --> 00:03:24,266 gold and silver hues 35 00:03:24,266 --> 00:03:27,666 and has kept evolving with innovations 36 00:03:27,666 --> 00:03:29,766 Displayed on the PPT is a partial view and 37 00:03:29,766 --> 00:03:32,166 its restored version of the Tang-dynasty brocade 38 00:03:32,166 --> 00:03:35,266 with the pattern of standing phoenixes 39 00:03:35,266 --> 00:03:38,700 amid precious flowers on a red background 40 00:03:38,700 --> 00:03:41,233 The second is the Scrolling Grass Pattern 41 00:03:41,233 --> 00:03:43,833 also known as Tangcao (Tang grass). 42 00:03:43,833 --> 00:03:47,066 With peonies and lotus flowers as the main motifs 43 00:03:47,066 --> 00:03:49,233 it is also adorned with pomegranates 44 00:03:49,233 --> 00:03:50,166 grapes 45 00:03:50,166 --> 00:03:52,733 fairies and even birds and beasts 46 00:03:52,733 --> 00:03:54,666 The overall effect is rich 47 00:03:54,666 --> 00:03:56,733 magnificent and dynamic 48 00:03:56,733 --> 00:03:58,633 making it one of the most widely used 49 00:03:58,633 --> 00:04:00,900 decorative patterns in the Tang Dynasty 50 00:04:01,133 --> 00:04:04,266 You can compare the Scrolling Grass Pattern and 51 00:04:04,433 --> 00:04:06,500 the restored version of the Lingyang 52 00:04:06,666 --> 00:04:08,133 Duke Pattern on the PPT 53 00:04:08,133 --> 00:04:09,400 and then directly perceive the grand 54 00:04:09,433 --> 00:04:11,766 spirit of the Tang Dynasty 55 00:04:11,933 --> 00:04:13,566 5.4 Sui Tang Cultural Relics: 56 00:04:13,566 --> 00:04:15,233 Integration of Foreign and Central 57 00:04:15,233 --> 00:04:17,666 Plain Elements in Patterns 58 00:04:17,833 --> 00:04:20,766 Talking about styles alone is not enough— 59 00:04:20,766 --> 00:04:24,166 let us turn to cultural relics instead 60 00:04:24,166 --> 00:04:27,533 These physical artifacts serve as more compelling 61 00:04:27,533 --> 00:04:30,300 evidence of the “fusion characteristics” embodied 62 00:04:30,366 --> 00:04:33,766 in the patterns of the Sui and Tang Dynasties 63 00:04:33,766 --> 00:04:36,233 As documented in relevant texts 64 00:04:36,233 --> 00:04:38,900 there is the Northern Dynasties Brocade 65 00:04:38,900 --> 00:04:40,466 with Checkered Animal Patterns 66 00:04:40,466 --> 00:04:44,100 unearthed from the Astana Cemetery in Turpan 67 00:04:44,100 --> 00:04:45,233 Xinjiang 68 00:04:45,233 --> 00:04:49,133 This piece of brocade features a rather distinctive motif: 69 00:04:49,133 --> 00:04:51,366 a figure riding and controlling an elephant 70 00:04:51,366 --> 00:04:54,800 It is worth noting that elephants were exclusive 71 00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,066 mounts of Indian military units at that time 72 00:04:57,066 --> 00:05:00,766 so this pattern clearly bears the traces of Indian culture 73 00:05:00,766 --> 00:05:04,033 indicating that silk fabrics of the Central Plains 74 00:05:04,033 --> 00:05:06,300 had already begun to absorb elements 75 00:05:06,300 --> 00:05:08,100 from surrounding civilizations 76 00:05:08,100 --> 00:05:12,266 An even more iconic example is the pearl-roundel pattern 77 00:05:12,266 --> 00:05:14,866 th ……(后略,完整文稿见视频页字幕)
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