第5章 敲石头的人 The Stone-Breakers · 第3讲S3

1. 老师，讲稿里说 Buckland 是个 'charming oddity'（有魅力的怪人），既然他做了很多正经的科学成就，为什么大家还是更记得他的那些 'eccentricities'（怪癖）呀？
2. 这里提到了 'menagerie' 和 'zoo' 的区别，能具体说说嘛？是不是只要不是城市公共动物园，养野生动物的都叫 menagerie？
3. 讲稿里列举了 Buckland 吃的各种奇葩食物，比如 'baked guinea pig' 和 'roasted hedgehog'，他真的是因为一时冲动（whim）才吃的，还是有什么特别的理由？
4. 为什么 Buckland 觉得 'common garden mole'（普通花园鼹鼠）特别恶心，甚至 declared it disgusting，但其他像 'sea slug'（海兔）这种看起来更奇怪的动物他反而能 accept？
5. 那个关于 'Corythosaurus'（讲稿中误写为Carothelium，应为Corythosaurus或类似恐龙名，此处按语境指代恐龙脚印）脚印的故事太逗了，Buckland 用自家乌龟在面糊上按脚印来验证化石，这算不算一种很 'singular'（奇特）但有效的科学方法？

1. Teacher, the transcript says Buckland was a 'charming oddity' who had real achievements, but why do people remember his 'eccentricities' (quirks) more than his scientific work?
2. Can you explain the specific difference between a 'menagerie' and a 'zoo' mentioned here? Is any private place keeping wild animals considered a menagerie?
3. The transcript lists some weird foods Buckland ate, like 'baked guinea pig' and 'roasted hedgehog'. Was he really just eating them on a whim, or was there a specific reason?
4. Why did Buckland find the 'common garden mole' disgusting and reject it, while he could find merit in other creatures like the 'sea slug' which look even stranger?
5. The story about the footprint is hilarious! Buckland used his pet tortoise and flour paste to verify the fossil footprint. Is this considered a 'singular' but effective scientific method?

1 00:00:05,740 --> 00:00:08,200 Buckland was a bit of a charming oddity. 2 00:00:08,280 --> 00:00:12,460 Buckland 是一个怪人,但是他是一个有魅力的怪人。 3 00:00:12,580 --> 00:00:14,620 He had some real achievements, 4 00:00:14,920 --> 00:00:18,280 but he is remembered at least as much for his 5 00:00:18,280 --> 00:00:20,380 eccentricities.它 6 00:00:20,450 --> 00:00:26,310 确实有一些成就但是它之所以被人记住至少有一方面 7 00:00:26,310 --> 00:00:31,270 是由于它的 eccentricities 就是怪异的行为这个词的 8 00:00:31,270 --> 00:00:35,257 形容词是 eccentric 我们在学习牛顿的那个部分的时 9 00:00:35,257 --> 00:00:38,430 候已经学过这个词了因为牛顿也是一个 eccentric 10 00:00:38,430 --> 00:00:43,210 personeccentric 这个词我们不妨看一下它的这个词 11 00:00:43,210 --> 00:00:44,710 源 centric 12 00:00:45,350 --> 00:00:51,230 是不是看过去有点像什么东西呢像不像 center 像 13 00:00:51,230 --> 00:00:56,580 center 的形容词其实就是的 centric 就是指中心的这 14 00:00:56,580 --> 00:01:01,070 个词的词源来自希腊文就是这个词它的意思是 out of 15 00:01:01,070 --> 00:01:06,790 center 不在中心那也就是偏离的跟别人不一样的有异 16 00:01:06,790 --> 00:01:08,070 于常人的行为 17 00:01:27,500 --> 00:01:33,320 有两件事情使它成名一个是它拥有一个 menagerie 18 00:01:33,320 --> 00:01:38,680 menagerie 意思是豢养野生动物的场所但是它跟平常 19 00:01:38,680 --> 00:01:39,680 我们说的 zoo 20 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:44,420 这个动物园又不太一样因为 zoo 一般就是一座城市的 21 00:01:44,420 --> 00:01:49,440 一个动物园而这个 menagerie 可以是私人的但是呢又 22 00:01:49,440 --> 00:01:53,960 跟 farm 不同因为 farm 里面养的都是牛啊羊啊兔子啊这 23 00:01:53,960 --> 00:01:57,800 种 farm animals menagerie 养的是野生动物 24 00:01:58,640 --> 00:02:03,200 所以他养了很多的野生动物有一些个头还挺大而且很 25 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:08,040 危险那这些野生动物呢就自由自在地待在他的家里面 26 00:02:08,040 --> 00:02:12,980 在他的园子里面 roomroom 就是漫游游荡 27 00:02:14,260 --> 00:02:17,780 and for his desire to eat his way through every animal in 28 00:02:17,780 --> 00:02:21,940 creation 这个 for his desire 跟前面的 for a menagerie 29 00:02:21,940 --> 00:02:26,680 是并列的就是 he was particularly noted for a 30 00:02:26,680 --> 00:02:32,550 menagerie and for his desire 他出名的两个原因另外一 31 00:02:32,550 --> 00:02:36,740 个就是他的 desire to eat his way through every animal 32 00:02:36,740 --> 00:02:43,480 in creation 就是他想要吃遍开天闭地以来所有的动物 33 00:02:43,480 --> 00:02:48,300 的这种愿望 Depending on whim and availability, 34 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:52,280 guests to Buckland's house might be served baked 35 00:02:52,280 --> 00:02:54,260 guinea pig,mice in batter, 36 00:02:54,460 --> 00:02:58,780 roasted hedgehog,or boiled Southeast Asian sea slug. 37 00:02:59,100 --> 00:03:02,900 Whim refers to a certain feeling that you would like to 38 00:03:02,900 --> 00:03:05,500 do something,是一时冲动, 39 00:03:05,540 --> 00:03:06,480 心血来潮。 40 00:03:06,480 --> 00:03:12,320 根据他当时的心情以及是否有货到巴克顿家做客的人 41 00:03:12,320 --> 00:03:19,060 有可能会吃到 baked guinea pigguinea pig 是豚鼠长得 42 00:03:19,060 --> 00:03:25,740 比苍鼠大一些烤豚鼠 mice in batterbatter 就是加了蛋 43 00:03:25,740 --> 00:03:31,900 的面糊 mice in batter 裹了面糊的老鼠可能是要拿去油 44 00:03:31,900 --> 00:03:35,460 炸的吧 roasted hedgehog 烤 45 00:03:35,810 --> 00:03:41,740 刺猬有一种动物叫 Pokepine 经常会跟 Hedgehog 混在一 46 00:03:41,740 --> 00:03:51,270 起它是豪猪要比 Hedgehog 更大而且更凶猛我们先看 47 00:03:51,270 --> 00:03:58,870 Slug Slug 又称为鼻涕虫学名叫扩鱼长得有点像去了壳 48 00:03:58,870 --> 00:04:04,950 的蜗牛在公园里面比较潮湿的地方有时候能看得到我 49 00:04:04,950 --> 00:04:09,620 这里用一张卡通的图但是因为真相太恶心我怕吓到大 50 00:04:09,620 --> 00:04:15,650 家了 Se aslug 是海里的软体动物的统称长 51 00:04:15,740 --> 00:04:20,380 得各种各样的都有这些全部叫 Se aslug 也叫海兔可能 52 00:04:20,380 --> 00:04:25,390 其中的一种长得确实有点像兔子 Buckland was able to 53 00:04:25,390 --> 00:04:29,310 find merit in them allexcept the common garden 54 00:04:29,310 --> 00:04:31,830 molewhich he declared disgusting 55 00:04:32,920 --> 00:04:39,500 Mer it 我们之前有学过是公毛这里呢是指价值和优点 56 00:04:39,500 --> 00:04:45,700 Bugland 觉得这些都很好吃都各有优点除了 The Common 57 00:04:45,700 --> 00:04:52,520 Garden Mow 这就是 Mow Mow 是燕鼠 58 00:04:54,100 --> 00:04:54,700 大家 59 00:04:54,730 --> 00:05:00,220 看过去可能觉得它好像没有眼睛其实它是有眼睛的只 60 00:05:00,220 --> 00:05:05,770 是非常小而且都几乎是陷进去的所以表面看有时候都 61 00:05:05,770 --> 00:05:10,680 看不到那它的视力确实是很差因为它常年在地底下生 62 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:15,270 活它不需要看见东西所以英语中有一个俗语就是 63 00:05:15,270 --> 00:05:19,870 blind as a mole 就是指视力很差的意思还有一句是 64 00:05:19,870 --> 00:05:21,230 blind as a bat 65 00:05:21,810 --> 00:05:27,510 也是一样因为蝙蝠的眼睛是看不见东西的不过其实蝙 66 00:05:27,510 --> 00:05:32,690 蝠它是不需要靠眼睛看东西它是利用超声波来定位的 67 00:05:32,690 --> 00:05:33,630 这个 68 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:40,720 garden mole 他觉得非常的恶心味道令人作呕 which he 69 00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:45,020 declared disgusting 这个结构大家看清楚 which 指的 70 00:05:45,020 --> 00:05:50,020 就是 garden mole 同时也是 decl are 的定语也就是说 he 71 00:05:50,020 --> 00:05:53,920 declared the garden mole disgustingal 72 00:05:54,210 --> 00:05:58,250 most inevitably he became the leading authority on 73 00:05:58,250 --> 00:06:01,490 coprolitesfossilized feces 74 00:06:06,150 --> 00:06:09,230 Coprolites 是粪化石 75 00:06:09,410 --> 00:06:14,910 粪变的化石可能有的朋友觉得只有骨骼才会成为化石 76 00:06:14,910 --> 00:06:16,250 其实并不是的 77 00:06:16,330 --> 00:06:22,210 粪变也会是化石还有脚印也可以是化石 Fossilized 78 00:06:22,210 --> 00:06:27,270 Physis 我们看这个词这个部分 fossil 就是化石那么 79 00:06:27,270 --> 00:06:32,930 fossilized 指的就是变成化石的 Physis 是粪便这个学 80 00:06:32,930 --> 00:06:34,290 名 and 81 00:06:34,840 --> 00:06:38,000 had a table made entirely out of his collection of 82 00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:41,860 specimens Specimens 是标本他 83 00:06:43,360 --> 00:06:49,740 几乎是不可避免地成了粪化石方面的权威他甚至有一 84 00:06:49,740 --> 00:06:55,800 张桌子是完全由自己收集的标本做成的也就是粪便化 85 00:06:55,800 --> 00:06:57,600 石的标本 Even 86 00:06:58,590 --> 00:07:00,510 when conducting serious science, 87 00:07:00,870 --> 00:07:04,830 his manner was generally singular Singular means very 88 00:07:04,830 --> 00:07:10,620 unusual 即便是进行严肃的科学研究她的方式也是非 89 00:07:10,620 --> 00:07:14,630 常特立独行的也是非常奇特的 Once Mrs. 90 00:07:14,650 --> 00:07:17,750 Buckland found herself being shaken awake in the 91 00:07:17,750 --> 00:07:21,350 middle of the night her husband crying in excitement My 92 00:07:21,350 --> 00:07:21,630 dear, 93 00:07:21,850 --> 00:07:24,610 I believe that Carothelium's footsteps are 94 00:07:24,610 --> 00:07:27,230 undoubtedly testitudinal 有 ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）