第5章 敲石头的人 The Stone-Breakers · 第1讲S1

1. 老师，讲稿里说地质学家通常不叫'stonebreakers'，但作者为啥偏偏这么叫他们呀？跟那幅画有啥关系？
2. 文中提到 Hutton 去世后，Playfair 改写他的著作不用'fear of embarrassment'，这里的 embarrassment 到底指啥尴尬场景？
3. Playfair 这个名字拆开是 'play fair'，倒过来是 'fair play'，这两个词在意思和用法上到底有啥区别？
4. 大家都夸 Hutton 有'most keenest insights'（最敏锐的洞察力），但他自己的书却让人读了想'slumber'（睡觉），为啥他这么厉害却写不明白？
5. 最后讲 Hutton 1795 年的代表作时，作者用了省略号说他在'discussing something'，这省略号是想表达啥意思？是作者看不懂吗？

1. Sir, the text says geologists aren't usually called 'stonebreakers', but why did the author use that term? What's the connection to that painting?
2. The text mentions that after Hutton died, Playfair could rewrite his work without 'fear of embarrassment'. What kind of awkward situation does 'embarrassment' refer to here?
3. The name Playfair can be split into 'play fair', and reversed it becomes 'fair play'. What's the actual difference in meaning and usage between these two phrases?
4. Everyone praised Hutton for his 'keenest insights', yet his own book made people want to 'slumber' (sleep). Why was he so brilliant but couldn't write it clearly?
5. At the end, when discussing Hutton's 1795 masterpiece, the author uses an ellipsis and says he was 'discussing something'. What does this ellipsis imply? Is it because the author couldn't understand it either?

1 00:00:03,640 --> 00:00:07,700 十四亿年前的关系开始了 2 00:00:08,380 --> 00:00:08,980 5. 3 00:00:12,530 --> 00:00:14,910 The Stonebreakers The 4 00:00:14,940 --> 00:00:17,740 Stonebreakers are geologists who study rocks. 5 00:00:18,060 --> 00:00:21,180 Geologists are not usually called stonebreakers. 6 00:00:21,340 --> 00:00:24,460 I guess the author calls them that because of a painting 7 00:00:24,460 --> 00:00:26,740 by the name of The Stonebreakers. 8 00:00:27,300 --> 00:00:31,260 The stonebreakers here in this painting are dressed in 9 00:00:31,260 --> 00:00:33,280 rags.They are poor workers, 10 00:00:33,560 --> 00:00:36,780 but the stonebreakers we are going to read about today 11 00:00:36,780 --> 00:00:40,000 are rich and well dressed people, 12 00:00:40,360 --> 00:00:42,610 like this one.Here we go. 13 00:00:44,240 --> 00:00:47,460 At just the time that Henry Cavendish was completing 14 00:00:47,460 --> 00:00:49,060 his experiment in London, 15 00:00:49,300 --> 00:00:51,460 400 miles away in Edinburgh, 16 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:54,560 an other kind of concluding moment was about to take 17 00:00:54,560 --> 00:00:56,780 place with the death of James Houghton. 18 00:00:57,620 --> 00:01:01,780 正当 Cavendish 在伦敦快要结束自己的实验的时候, 19 00:01:01,780 --> 00:01:08,680 400 英里以外的爱丁堡随着 James Hutton 的去世另外一 20 00:01:08,680 --> 00:01:13,840 个重大的时刻也正要发生 concluding 指的是具有结论 21 00:01:13,840 --> 00:01:19,240 性的所以这指的是重大的时刻 Edinburgh Edinburgh is 22 00:01:19,240 --> 00:01:23,240 the capital city of Scotland 是苏格兰的首府也是一个 23 00:01:23,240 --> 00:01:29,450 重要的历史名称发音是要读作 Edinburgh Edinburgh 不 24 00:01:29,450 --> 00:01:30,320 是 Edinburg 25 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:34,720 This was bad news for Hought on, 26 00:01:34,820 --> 00:01:36,660 of course,but good news for science, 27 00:01:36,900 --> 00:01:40,800 as it cleared the way for a man named John Playfair to 28 00:01:40,800 --> 00:01:43,100 rewrite Hought on's work without fear of 29 00:01:43,100 --> 00:01:43,500 embarrassment. 30 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:47,980 这对 Hought on 本人来说当然是个坏消息, 31 00:01:48,080 --> 00:01:51,220 但是对于科学界来说却是一件好事, 32 00:01:51,380 --> 00:01:53,340 因为他扫清了道路。 33 00:01:53,580 --> 00:01:55,080 为什么扫清了道路呢? 34 00:01:55,140 --> 00:01:58,900 是 for a man named John Playfair to rewrite Hought on's 35 00:01:58,900 --> 00:02:01,000 work without fear of embarrassment. 36 00:02:01,800 --> 00:02:05,520 先看这个 embarrassment To embarrass someone means to 37 00:02:05,520 --> 00:02:07,080 make someone feel ashamed, 38 00:02:07,460 --> 00:02:08,860 nervous or uncomfortable, 39 00:02:09,280 --> 00:02:12,560 especially in front of other people For example, 40 00:02:12,640 --> 00:02:16,280 I did not want to embarrass him by asking any more 41 00:02:16,280 --> 00:02:16,820 questions 42 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:19,860 我不想再问他更多的问题, 43 00:02:19,980 --> 00:02:20,700 以免尴尬, 44 00:02:20,840 --> 00:02:26,080 以免他不好意思 Hought on 的趣事为一个叫 John 45 00:02:26,080 --> 00:02:30,880 Playfair 的人来改写 Hought on 的著作扫清了道路 46 00:02:30,880 --> 00:02:36,220 Hought on 现在已经死了那 Playfair 就可以大胆地去改 47 00:02:36,220 --> 00:02:41,780 写他的著作不用不好意思了这个做法也不会让 Hought 48 00:02:41,780 --> 00:02:45,880 on 觉得尴尬了 Playfair 这个人的名字很有意思我们如 49 00:02:45,880 --> 00:02:48,980 果把它分开看它就是一个词 To play fair 50 00:02:49,590 --> 00:02:54,030 To play fair means to do something by the rules Be have 51 00:02:54,030 --> 00:02:57,590 honestly Often used in sports or games 52 00:02:58,580 --> 00:02:59,820 Do you play fair? 53 00:03:01,990 --> 00:03:06,010 如果把它倒过来写 fair play 就变成名词, 54 00:03:06,170 --> 00:03:09,910 my game is fair play,这是指公平竞赛的意思。 55 00:03:12,130 --> 00:03:16,010 Hurton was by all accounts a man of the keenest insights 56 00:03:16,010 --> 00:03:17,910 and loveliest conversation, 57 00:03:18,270 --> 00:03:19,630 a delight in company, 58 00:03:19,830 --> 00:03:22,690 and without rival when it came to understanding the 59 00:03:22,690 --> 00:03:25,910 mysterious slow processes that shaped the earth. 60 00:03:25,910 --> 00:03:31,400 Account means description a written or spoken 61 00:03:31,400 --> 00:03:36,960 description that says what happened in an eventlike 62 00:03:36,960 --> 00:03:40,920 can you give me an account of the party 你能不能跟我介 63 00:03:40,920 --> 00:03:45,660 绍一下那个 party 的情况 So by all accounts meansfrom 64 00:03:45,660 --> 00:03:49,660 all reports availablefrom what everyone is saying 65 00:03:49,660 --> 00:03:55,790 Keying means sharp Insight means the ability to 66 00:03:55,790 --> 00:03:59,210 understand than the true nature of things 就是洞察力 67 00:03:59,210 --> 00:04:04,790 keynest insights 非常敏锐的最敏锐的洞察力大家都 68 00:04:04,980 --> 00:04:10,260 说他拥有非常敏锐的洞察力而且非常健谈 a 69 00:04:10,580 --> 00:04:14,540 delight in companycomp any 并不是公司的意思而是 70 00:04:15,140 --> 00:04:19,080 he is a delightful person when you spend time with him 就 71 00:04:19,080 --> 00:04:24,200 跟他非常好相处跟他相处是非常愉快的 a delight 相当 72 00:04:24,200 --> 00:04:27,140 于就是 a delightful person 是一个令人愉快的人 73 00:04:27,770 --> 00:04:29,990 and without rival when it came to 74 00:04:30,630 --> 00:04:35,950 是指在某一个方面它是 with out rival 是举世无双的 75 00:04:35,950 --> 00:04:40,650 rival 是竞争对手的意思它是没有对手那在哪个方面 76 00:04:40,650 --> 00:04:43,610 没有对手呢是 when it came to understanding the 77 00:04:43,610 --> 00:04:45,490 mysterious slow processes 78 00:04:46,290 --> 00:04:47,610 that shaped the earth 79 00:04:48,370 --> 00:04:54,110 要论到对形成地球的那个神秘而缓慢的过程的理解谁 80 00:04:54,110 --> 00:04:56,670 也赶不上它 Unf ortunately, 81 00:04:57,010 --> 00:05:00,790 it was beyond him to set down his notions in a form that 82 00:05:00,790 --> 00:05:04,530 anyone could begin to understand To be beyond somebody 83 00:05:04,530 --> 00:05:08,110 means to be too difficult somebody 然 84 00:05:08,270 --> 00:05:12,410 而他却不能 set down his notions means write down his 85 00:05:12,410 --> 00:05:17,870 ideas in a form that anyone could begin to understand 但 86 00:05:18,610 --> 00:05:19,210 很不幸, 87 00:05:19,310 --> 00:05:24,550 要他把脑子里想的东西写下来成为能看得懂的文字这 88 00:05:24, ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）