第3章 埃文斯牧师的宇宙 The Reverend Evans's Universe · 第3讲S2

1. 老师，讲稿里说超新星是 'a rare sight'，那 'typical' 这个词在这里具体是啥意思呀？它是不是指那种很普通、很常见的星系？
2. 我发现 'searching' 前面有个 'and'，那它跟 'standing' 是并列关系吗？为什么 'finding' 和 'lighting' 不能跟它并列呢？
3. 文中把找超新星比作 'standing and searching'，这跟后面说的 'Empire State Building' 和 'Manhattan' 有啥联系？为啥要拿曼哈顿的窗户打比方？
4. 为啥专业的天文学家觉得那个牧师 'out of his mind'？是因为他用的望远镜太小，还是因为他问的问题太离谱了？
5. 既然超新星这么难找，而且牧师用的还是业余望远镜，那作者为啥还要花这么多篇幅讲这个故事？是想说明科学发现很难，还是有别的深意？

1. Teacher, the script says a supernova is 'a rare sight'. What exactly does 'typical' mean here? Does it refer to a galaxy that is very common and ordinary?
2. I noticed there is an 'and' before 'searching'. Is it parallel to 'standing'? Why can't 'finding' and 'lighting' be parallel to it?
3. The text compares finding a supernova to 'standing and searching'. What's the connection to the 'Empire State Building' and 'Manhattan' mentioned later? Why use windows in Manhattan as an analogy?
4. Why did professional astronomers think the minister was 'out of his mind'? Was it because his telescope was too small, or because his question was too absurd?
5. Since supernovae are so hard to find and the minister was using an amateur telescope, why does the author spend so much time on this story? Is it to show that scientific discovery is difficult, or is there another deeper meaning?

1 00:00:08,720 --> 00:00:11,760 但为什么阿斯普尔纳维是如此昂貴的宇宙? 2 00:00:12,780 --> 00:00:15,780 因为一颗星星可以炸死亿多年, 3 00:00:16,120 --> 00:00:18,920 但它只能一次性和快速地死亡, 4 00:00:19,280 --> 00:00:21,840 只有几颗死亡的星星会爆炸。 5 00:00:23,240 --> 00:00:26,260 恒星可以燃烧几十亿年, 6 00:00:26,400 --> 00:00:29,640 但是死亡的时候却是一下子就完完了, 7 00:00:29,860 --> 00:00:33,900 而且还不是所有的恒星死亡的时候都会爆炸, 8 00:00:34,100 --> 00:00:35,180 只有几个。 9 00:00:53,780 --> 00:01:00,640 大部分恒星死亡的时候就像是黎明时分的篝火一样悄 10 00:01:00,640 --> 00:01:05,720 无声息地就熄灭了 In a typical galaxy consisting of a 11 00:01:05,720 --> 00:01:09,780 hundred billion stars a supernova will occur on 12 00:01:09,780 --> 00:01:12,020 average once every two or three hundred 13 00:01:12,020 --> 00:01:20,430 yearsconsisting of 意思是包括有什么组成 typical 14 00:01:20,690 --> 00:01:28,710 典型的我们要看到 typetype type 是类型的意思那 15 00:01:28,710 --> 00:01:34,410 typical 就是指拥有这个类型的典型特征的在 16 00:01:34,990 --> 00:01:41,150 一个拥有几千亿颗恒星的典型的星系里头 17 00:01:47,190 --> 00:01:47,990 平 18 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:56,860 均要每 200 到 300 年才会产生一颗的超新星真的是 a 19 00:01:56,860 --> 00:01:57,820 rare sight 20 00:02:19,340 --> 00:02:23,180 大家注意到这里 searching 前面有一个 and 21 00:02:23,760 --> 00:02:28,800 说明这个 searching 一定还有一个其他的词跟它是并 22 00:02:28,800 --> 00:02:36,087 列的一般来说并列的词它的词型是相似的我们可以看 23 00:02:36,087 --> 00:02:38,660 一下这个句子中有 finding, 24 00:02:38,880 --> 00:02:39,520 standing, 25 00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:40,840 还有 26 00:02:41,100 --> 00:02:45,540 lighting 到底哪一个才是跟 searching 并列的呢大家 27 00:02:45,540 --> 00:02:50,210 可以暂停一下视频,自己找一找好了, 28 00:02:54,880 --> 00:02:55,500 找到了吗? 29 00:02:55,540 --> 00:02:58,040 跟 searching 并列的是 standing 30 00:02:59,340 --> 00:03:04,830 划线的部分是句子的主干 Finding a supernova was like 31 00:03:04,830 --> 00:03:06,950 standing and searching 32 00:03:07,870 --> 00:03:14,690 搜寻超新星就像是站在什么什么地方去搜寻什么什么 33 00:03:14,690 --> 00:03:15,950 东西好 34 00:03:16,030 --> 00:03:21,047 现在看一下细节 Empire State Building 在第二课的时 35 00:03:21,047 --> 00:03:27,720 候说过了是一栋高楼 Observation Platform 是观景台 36 00:03:28,410 --> 00:03:34,650 搜寻超新星就像是站在帝国大厦的观景台上然后用望 37 00:03:34,650 --> 00:03:39,070 远镜去搜寻 windows around Manhattan 38 00:03:39,690 --> 00:03:43,210 搜寻曼哈顿市区的窗户 39 00:03:44,300 --> 00:03:46,940 in the hope of finding,let's say, 40 00:03:46,940 --> 00:03:52,480 someone lighting a 21st birthday cake 希望能够找到某 41 00:03:52,480 --> 00:04:00,140 个人点燃 21 岁的生日蜡烛 let us say 是举例的时候插进 42 00:04:00,140 --> 00:04:02,080 去说的一句话比如说呢, 43 00:04:02,100 --> 00:04:07,120 21 岁的大家可以想象一下这就是从帝国大厦的观景台 44 00:04:07,120 --> 00:04:12,860 看到的曼哈顿的夜晚就是这样的你要想在里面找到某 45 00:04:12,860 --> 00:04:16,240 一个人点燃 21 岁的蜡烛真不容易 46 00:04:17,550 --> 00:04:22,570 并不是每天晚上都有人在过 21 岁的生日而且也并不是 47 00:04:22,570 --> 00:04:27,570 在过 21 岁生日的那个人一定就会点燃蜡烛 So 48 00:04:30,550 --> 00:04:34,910 when a hopeful and soft spoken minister got in touch to 49 00:04:34,910 --> 00:04:38,210 ask if they had any usable field charts for hunting 50 00:04:38,210 --> 00:04:41,590 supernovae the astronomical community thought he was 51 00:04:41,590 --> 00:04:47,670 out of his mind Hopeful means full of hope Soft spoken 指 52 00:04:47,670 --> 00:04:54,650 的是说话的时候温文尔雅轻声细语的当这位轻声细语 53 00:04:54,790 --> 00:05:02,110 温文尔雅的牧师满怀希望的找到专业的天文学家 got 54 00:05:02,110 --> 00:05:05,850 in touch 指的是与什么人联系上当 55 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:12,340 他与专业的天文学家联系上并且问他们有没有什么用 56 00:05:12,340 --> 00:05:17,980 得着的新图 field charts 这个 field 指的就是 star 57 00:05:17,980 --> 00:05:23,300 field 上一次课里面说了 I just seem to have a knack for 58 00:05:23,300 --> 00:05:24,640 remembering star field 59 00:05:25,440 --> 00:05:29,900 星场,也就是星星在某一个区域的分布状况 60 00:05:30,730 --> 00:05:32,550 Chart,是图形 61 00:05:33,600 --> 00:05:36,720 我们看一下,这就是一个 Starfield Chart 62 00:05:37,880 --> 00:05:38,360 好了, 63 00:05:38,460 --> 00:05:42,060 他问专业的天文学家能不能提供一些 Useable Field 64 00:05:42,060 --> 00:05:44,000 Charts for Hunting Supernovae 65 00:05:45,140 --> 00:05:47,780 The astronomical community thought he was out of his 66 00:05:47,780 --> 00:05:51,120 mind Community,如果大家查过词典, 67 00:05:51,200 --> 00:05:55,480 可能会看到是社区的意思有很多人一直以为它就是指 68 00:05:55,480 --> 00:05:58,100 我们居住的这个社区其实呢, 69 00:05:58,140 --> 00:06:02,320 并不一定都是指社区像这里 astronomical community 70 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:06,400 指的是天文学界也就是天文学家们, 71 00:06:06,460 --> 00:06:10,560 专业的这些天文学家们都认为这个人一定是有毛病 72 00:06:10,560 --> 00:06:15,140 out of his mind,也可以说是 he has lost his mind, 73 00:06:15,280 --> 00:06:17,280 肯定是疯了 At 74 00:06:18,370 --> 00:06:21,970 the time,Evans had a 10 inch telescope a very 75 00:06:21,970 --> 00:06:24,750 respectable size for amateur stargazing, 76 00:06:24,910 --> 00:06:28,230 but hardly the sort of thing with which to do serious 77 00:06:28,230 --> 00:06:28,990 cosmology." 78 00:06:29,900 --> 00:06:35,300 那个时候,Evans 所用的望远镜是 10 英寸的, 79 00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:38,340 比他后来用的 16 英寸的要更小。 80 00:06:39,140 --> 00:06:42,920 对于业余的观星活动来说, 81 00:06:43,000 --> 00:06:45,320 这已经是相当不错的了, 82 00:06:45,380 --> 00:06:48,760 respectable size 几乎已经是一个豪华设备了。 83 00:06:48,760 --> 00:06:55,200 amateur 这个词做名词的时候就是指业余人员 some one 84 00:06:55,200 --> 00:06:59,060 who does an activity just for pleasure not as a job 不是 85 00:06:59,060 --> 00:07:00,780 职业的这里 86 00:07:02,310 --> 00:07:06,910 是做形容词业余的关心 but hardly the sort of 87 00:07:06,910 --> 00:07:10,770 thingwith which to do serious cosmology 但完全不是那 88 00:07:10,770 --> 00:07:15,430 种可以用来做严肃的宇宙观测的 and 89 00:07:16,230 --> 00:07:19,910 he was proposing to find one of the universe's rarer 90 00:07:19,910 --> 00:07:25,170 phenomena 而且他用这种业余的天文学万元镜他还是 91 00:07:25,170 --> 00:07:29,450 要去寻找宇宙中非常难得一见的现象 92 00:07:29,990 --> 00:07:31,670 所以这不是疯了吗