第2章 欢迎来到太阳系 Welcome to the Solar System · 第4讲S1

1. 老师，讲稿里说太空叫'space'是名副其实，因为它太'空'了，那'dis mayingly uneventful'这个短语具体是啥意思呀？
2. 我不太懂'tumbling rocks'和'detritus'在描述小行星带时有什么区别，它们指的都是石头吗？
3. 老师，为什么讲稿里说太阳系地图是'necessary de ce it'（必要的欺骗）？这算是一种误导吗？
4. 既然真实的太阳系那么空旷，为什么学校里的挂图还要把行星画得那么近，挨在一起？
5. 讲稿里提到了'asteroid'（小行星）和'asterisk'（星号），它们长得那么像，是不是因为词根'astro'都跟星星有关？

1. Teacher, the script says space is aptly named because it's so 'empty', but what exactly does the phrase 'disappointingly uneventful' mean?
2. I don't quite get the difference between 'tumbling rocks' and 'detritus' when describing the asteroid belt; do they both just refer to stones?
3. Why does the script call the solar system maps a 'necessary deception'? Is that considered misleading?
4. Since the real solar system is so vast and empty, why do school charts draw the planets so close together, side by side?
5. The script mentions 'asteroid' and 'asterisk', and they look so similar. Is it because the root 'astro' is related to stars?

1 00:00:11,760 --> 00:00:13,540 Hey guys,it's good to see you again. 2 00:00:14,020 --> 00:00:17,040 Have you written your one sentence summary of our 3 00:00:17,040 --> 00:00:17,880 previous lesson? 4 00:00:18,850 --> 00:00:19,830 Here's mine. 5 00:00:20,640 --> 00:00:23,880 Pluto is tiny,odd,faint, 6 00:00:24,080 --> 00:00:26,620 and far away from the Sun. 7 00:00:27,960 --> 00:00:30,580 Now here's the question from last session. 8 00:00:30,860 --> 00:00:33,840 What would the Sun look like if you were on Pluto? 9 00:00:35,140 --> 00:00:36,020 Here we go. 10 00:00:36,770 --> 00:00:37,330 Now, 11 00:00:37,390 --> 00:00:40,910 the first thing you are likely to realize is thatspace 12 00:00:40,910 --> 00:00:45,430 is extremely well named and rather dis mayingly 13 00:00:45,430 --> 00:00:47,690 uneventfulspace 14 00:00:48,040 --> 00:00:51,760 is well named 意思是 space 15 00:00:51,940 --> 00:00:56,660 这个名字起得特别好名副其实 then 16 00:00:56,690 --> 00:00:58,170 what does space mean? 17 00:00:58,930 --> 00:01:04,110 it could mean a blank or empty area for example the space 18 00:01:04,110 --> 00:01:06,950 between words here 19 00:01:07,010 --> 00:01:11,110 space between wordsspace between lines 20 00:01:12,180 --> 00:01:18,420 所以 space 其实是空白的地方叫 space 那这个名字起的 21 00:01:18,420 --> 00:01:20,740 特别好那是因为太 22 00:01:20,900 --> 00:01:23,840 空这个地方真是太 23 00:01:23,930 --> 00:01:31,250 空了真是名副其实的空所以无论是中文的太空还是英 24 00:01:31,250 --> 00:01:34,670 文的 space 都是名副其实的 and 25 00:01:34,770 --> 00:01:38,010 rather dis mayingly uneventful Dis 26 00:01:38,070 --> 00:01:44,270 may 是个动词 It means to disappoint or to discourage So 27 00:01:44,270 --> 00:01:49,590 dis mayingly means disappointingly 令人失望的 28 00:01:49,590 --> 00:01:56,720 uneventfulevent 是名词指事件那么 uneventful 就是 29 00:01:56,720 --> 00:02:03,420 很多事件在发生的很热闹的 uneventful 那就是死气沉 30 00:02:03,420 --> 00:02:08,960 沉没有发生什么事静悄悄的令人失望 Our 31 00:02:09,630 --> 00:02:13,170 solar system may be the liveliest thing for trillions 32 00:02:13,170 --> 00:02:19,850 of miles 我们的太阳系可能是方圆几兆英里范围内的 33 00:02:19,850 --> 00:02:25,670 最热闹的地方了 L liveliest 最活跃的最有活力的 But 34 00:02:25,890 --> 00:02:28,830 all the visible stuff in it V isible 35 00:02:28,970 --> 00:02:34,150 先前见过就是可见的尽管是最活跃的 36 00:02:34,950 --> 00:02:39,970 世界最多的最热闹的一个地方但就算是这里所有的可 37 00:02:39,970 --> 00:02:41,550 见的物质加起来 38 00:02:47,190 --> 00:02:53,190 所有的东西加起来也仅仅不过是占据了所有空间的一 39 00:02:53,190 --> 00:02:54,590 兆分之一罢了 40 00:02:55,150 --> 00:02:59,830 available space 指的是整个太阳系的空间可以拥有的 41 00:02:59,830 --> 00:03:01,650 空间好了, 42 00:03:02,730 --> 00:03:07,650 现在破折号里的部分不是句子的主干主干刚才已经说 43 00:03:07,650 --> 00:03:11,910 了破折号的部分是在讲这个 visible stuff 它到底指的 44 00:03:11,910 --> 00:03:15,010 是什么包括 the sun 太 45 00:03:15,140 --> 00:03:21,180 阳 the planets 各大行星和它们的卫星还有 the billion 46 00:03:21,180 --> 00:03:24,540 or so or so means aboutbillion, 47 00:03:24,760 --> 00:03:31,240 十亿数十亿的 tumbling rockstumbling 是翻着跟头的 48 00:03:31,240 --> 00:03:35,720 tumble 这个动词就表示翻跟头有的时候你走路的时候 49 00:03:35,720 --> 00:03:41,440 你可能不小心有没有 tumble into a pit 不小心刷到坑里 50 00:03:41,440 --> 00:03:44,580 边去 tumble 就是翻跟头 51 00:03:45,180 --> 00:03:50,900 tumbling rocks 翻着滚的这些岩石 of the asteroid 52 00:03:50,900 --> 00:03:57,700 beltasteroid belt 是小行星带这个 belt 指的是带状的 53 00:03:57,700 --> 00:04:00,960 东西 asteroid 就是小行星看 54 00:04:01,340 --> 00:04:05,220 这个图这就是 Tumbling Rocks of the Asteroid Belt 55 00:04:06,080 --> 00:04:09,920 上面都是一些大大小小的岩石 56 00:04:10,600 --> 00:04:17,700 这些你可以把它看成是大石块吧其实这个小行星带就 57 00:04:17,700 --> 00:04:19,740 是由这些石块组成的 58 00:04:20,900 --> 00:04:27,140 Comets 还有彗星还有其他的 And other miscellaneous 59 00:04:27,140 --> 00:04:32,540 drifting detrit us 读作 miscellaneousmiscellaneous 60 00:04:32,540 --> 00:04:37,980 means all sorts of all kinds of 各种各样的零零总总的 61 00:04:37,980 --> 00:04:43,240 drifting 不断漂浮着的 detrit usdetrit us 有点像我们 62 00:04:43,240 --> 00:04:50,160 先前见过的一个词是 debr isdebr is 讲的是残骸也是碎 63 00:04:50,160 --> 00:04:55,780 块碎片 detrit us means small pieces of stonesm all 64 00:04:55,780 --> 00:05:00,620 pieces of rocks that have been worn away from a rock 65 00:05:01,760 --> 00:05:08,260 小石块小碎屑石头的碎屑或者像这样这种木屑啊这些 66 00:05:08,260 --> 00:05:13,560 都叫做 detrit us 那太空中有很多这些漂浮着这些尘埃 67 00:05:13,560 --> 00:05:18,480 啊碎石屑啊等等所有的都加起来还仅仅占据了不过是 68 00:05:18,480 --> 00:05:19,740 一 69 00:05:20,100 --> 00:05:26,760 兆分之一的空间可见太阳系是多么空啊而太阳系之外 70 00:05:26,760 --> 00:05:30,200 的空间比太阳系还要空了刚 71 00:05:32,310 --> 00:05:34,510 才我们说的 asteroid belt 72 00:05:35,110 --> 00:05:37,150 指的就是这一圈 73 00:05:38,790 --> 00:05:45,730 这个 asteroid belt 小行星带指的就是火星轨道和木星 74 00:05:45,730 --> 00:05:51,550 轨道之间的有非常非常多的小行星它们也组成了这个 75 00:05:51,550 --> 00:05:56,190 区域它们也是绕着太阳在公转的那 76 00:05:56,220 --> 00:06:00,800 现在关注一下这个词 asteroid 刚才说的 asteroid 就是 77 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:03,380 小行星那 78 00:06:03,730 --> 00:06:09,070 我们再看这个 asterisk 这就是星星的意思是拉丁文里 79 00:06:09,070 --> 00:06:11,290 面星星的意思所以我们现在 80 00:06:12,110 --> 00:06:17,830 星号比如手机电脑上都有星号键这个星号键就是叫 81 00:06:17,830 --> 00:06:19,790 asterisk 82 00:06:20,800 --> 00:06:26,100 在我们第一课的时候学过的一个词 astronomy 天文学 83 00:06:26,100 --> 00:06:31,220 当时我跟大家说这个 astro 是星星的意思看到了吗它 84 00:06:31,220 --> 00:06:34,560 们的词型是很相近的 OK 85 00:06:35,780 --> 00:06:40,440 You also quickly realized that none of the maps you have 86 00:06:40,440 --> 00:06:45,220 ever seen of the solar system were remotely drawn to 87 00:06:45,220 --> 00:06:50,170 scaledrawn to scale 指的是按比例去画的 88 00:06:50,840 --> 00:06:56,560 remotely remote 是遥远的意思 remote control 比如说 89 00:06:56,560 --> 00:07:02,120 remote control 就是遥控器那整个句子你 90 00:07:02,850 --> 00:07:05,050 很快就能意识到你 91 00:07:05,310 --> 00:07:12,510 见过的所有的太阳系的挂图那些图画没有一张是按比 92 00:07:12,510 --> 00:07:17,810 例画的一点点比例的关系都没有 remotely 就是你一点 93 00:07:17,810 --> 00:07:19,650 都扯不上 Most 94 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:23,820 schoolroom charts show the planets coming one after 95 00:07:23,820 --> 00:07:25,940 the other at neighborly intervalsintervals, 96 00:07:26,200 --> 00:07:31,960 多数的学校教室里边的挂图, 97 00:07:32,060 --> 0 ……（后略，完整文稿见视频页字幕）