第1章 迷失在宇宙中 Lost in the Cosmos · 第3讲S4

1. 老师，讲稿里说 'underwent' 通常指经历不愉快或危险的事，但这里宇宙膨胀是好事还是坏事呀？为什么用这个词？
2. 那个 'a fraction of a moment' 到底多短啊？讲稿里说 '10 的负34次方秒'，这具体是多少秒？
3. 'Dramatic expansion' 里的 'dramatic' 不是指戏剧吗？在这里翻译成 '剧烈的' 和 '夸张的' 有啥区别？
4. 如果没有暴涨理论，宇宙就只剩 'drifting gas'（漂浮气体），为啥就不能形成恒星和星系呢？
5. 'Episode' 一般指电视剧一集或小插曲，这里说 'the whole episode' 指暴涨过程，这样用会不会让人觉得太随意了？

1. The transcript says 'underwent' usually implies experiencing something unpleasant or dangerous, but cosmic inflation seems like a good thing. Why use this word here?
2. How short is 'a fraction of a moment'? The script mentions '10 to the power of -34 seconds'—what exactly does that amount to in seconds?
3. 'Dramatic' usually relates to drama or exaggeration. What's the difference between translating it as 'drastic' versus 'exaggerated' in the context of 'dramatic expansion'?
4. If inflation theory didn't exist, the universe would just be 'drifting gas'. Why couldn't stars and galaxies form without it?
5. 'Episode' typically refers to a TV show episode or a minor incident. Using it to describe the 'whole episode' of cosmic inflation—does this make the explanation feel too casual?

1 00:00:06,860 --> 00:00:10,020 The eventual result was the inflation theory, 2 00:00:10,380 --> 00:00:11,540 which holds that, 3 00:00:11,700 --> 00:00:14,620 a fraction of a moment after the dawn of creation, 4 00:00:14,980 --> 00:00:18,880 the universe underwent a sudden dramatic expansion. 5 00:00:20,990 --> 00:00:23,950 最后的结果就是 eventual, 6 00:00:24,050 --> 00:00:26,290 eventual 这个形容词表示 final, 7 00:00:26,490 --> 00:00:30,610 最终的结果就是暴涨理论, 8 00:00:30,690 --> 00:00:32,010 或者膨胀理论, 9 00:00:32,130 --> 00:00:35,010 也就是前面说的 Alan Guth 提出的这个理论。 10 00:00:35,010 --> 00:00:38,460 which holds thatholds 11 00:00:38,960 --> 00:00:43,660 表示认为这个理论认为 a 12 00:00:43,790 --> 00:00:48,570 fraction of a moment after the dawn of creationdawn 本 13 00:00:48,570 --> 00:00:51,190 意是黎明它的 14 00:00:51,260 --> 00:00:57,280 反义词就是 d usk 黄昏 the dawn of creation 那其实指的 15 00:00:57,280 --> 00:01:03,320 就是宇宙诞生的那一刻吧那一刻 a fraction of a moment 16 00:01:03,320 --> 00:01:08,600 after that A fraction means a very small part of it 也 17 00:01:08,720 --> 00:01:13,640 就是宇宙诞生后的那么短暂的一个片刻在这个片刻里 18 00:01:13,640 --> 00:01:18,080 The universe underwent a sudden dramatic expansion 宇 19 00:01:18,080 --> 00:01:25,360 宙经历了一次突然的剧烈的扩张 Underwent 20 00:01:25,480 --> 00:01:28,520 原型是 under go It means experience 21 00:01:29,100 --> 00:01:31,940 就是经受经历往 22 00:01:32,360 --> 00:01:38,380 往都是指一些不愉快的比较危险的事情而 23 00:01:39,400 --> 00:01:44,240 dramatic 我们先要知道 dramadrama 就是戏剧你可以理 24 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:48,380 解戏剧嘛总是觉得比较夸张的所以 25 00:01:48,740 --> 00:01:52,150 dramatic 这个词呢可以指夸张的 26 00:01:52,740 --> 00:01:57,860 但是在我们这个句子里它应该是急剧的剧烈的 27 00:01:58,420 --> 00:02:02,010 great and suddensudden expansion 28 00:02:18,770 --> 00:02:26,210 我们多看一些例子 29 00:02:36,950 --> 00:02:40,600 宇宙呢,膨胀了,in effect, 30 00:02:40,880 --> 00:02:44,560 意思是,in fact,就事实上, 31 00:02:44,620 --> 00:02:46,860 它是 ran away with itself, 32 00:02:47,620 --> 00:02:52,780 带着自身逃跑,带着自身逃逸, 33 00:02:52,900 --> 00:02:55,860 也就是它越来越大,越来越大。 34 00:03:04,110 --> 00:03:09,330 每过十的负三十四次方秒它的 35 00:03:09,620 --> 00:03:15,000 整个大小就翻一倍每过这么一点点这么小的一个时间 36 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:18,520 它大小又翻一倍翻一倍这是极大的速度 37 00:03:28,220 --> 00:03:32,340 That's one million million million million millions 38 00:03:32,340 --> 00:03:36,340 of a second But it changed the universe From something 39 00:03:36,340 --> 00:03:40,180 you can hold in your hand To something at least one 40 00:03:40,790 --> 00:03:46,800 million million million million times bigger Episode 41 00:03:46,800 --> 00:03:50,660 means an event or a short period of time 42 00:03:51,900 --> 00:03:57,020 这段时间 Episode 这里指的是这个时间我们可以多看 43 00:03:57,020 --> 00:03:57,620 一些例句 44 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:04,320 他可以指一个事件一个小插曲 She decided that she 45 00:04:04,320 --> 00:04:07,680 would try to forget the episode by the lake 他 46 00:04:08,230 --> 00:04:12,650 想还是到湖边去把这件事给忘了吧 47 00:04:13,250 --> 00:04:16,730 One of the most interesting episodes in his career 48 00:04:17,270 --> 00:04:23,510 在他职业生涯中一个非常有趣的小插曲电视剧的一集 49 00:04:23,510 --> 00:04:25,410 一集的也叫 episode 50 00:04:27,340 --> 00:04:31,760 现在这里 the whole episode 指的是这整个过程 may have 51 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:39,580 lasted no more than 恐怕只持续了 10 的 30 次方秒这么点 52 00:04:39,580 --> 00:04:39,780 时间 53 00:04:41,460 --> 00:04:46,260 that's 1 million million million millions of a second 54 00:04:46,260 --> 00:04:50,820 再来解释一下上面这个数字也就是 0. 55 00:04:51,860 --> 00:04:58,720 00001 29 个零 1 秒那么点时间但是就在这么一刹那 It 56 00:04:58,720 --> 00:05:01,540 changed the universe from 57 00:05:02,060 --> 00:05:06,447 something you can hold in your hand 它把宇宙从本来你 58 00:05:06,447 --> 00:05:10,730 可以拿在手里的东西变成了至少 59 00:05:11,660 --> 00:05:16,300 one million million million million million times 60 00:05:16,300 --> 00:05:22,140 bigger 变成了一个如此巨大的拥有如此巨大体积的东 61 00:05:22,140 --> 00:05:27,420 西 Inflation theory explains the ripples and eddies 62 00:05:27,420 --> 00:05:29,660 that make our universe possible 63 00:05:30,820 --> 00:05:38,620 Ripples 是涟漪就是蒸一块石头到湖里边它就会放起 64 00:05:38,620 --> 00:05:43,820 涟漪像同心圆一样一波一波地荡出去 Eddies 是漩涡 65 00:05:45,520 --> 00:05:50,420 宇宙的膨胀理论解释了使得我们的宇宙使得我们宇宙 66 00:05:50,420 --> 00:05:56,040 成为可能的使得宇宙的荡升成为可能的涟漪现象和漩 67 00:05:56,040 --> 00:05:57,620 涡现象 With 68 00:05:58,420 --> 00:05:58,980 out it, 69 00:05:59,120 --> 00:06:04,580 there would be no clumps of matter and thus no stars just 70 00:06:04,580 --> 00:06:07,340 drifting gas and everlasting darkness 71 00:06:10,080 --> 00:06:16,740 如果没有它的话那就不可能形成物质的团块 clumps 就 72 00:06:16,740 --> 00:06:22,120 是块状的东西我们可以说 clumps of earth 就是土块 73 00:06:22,120 --> 00:06:27,430 Matter 是物质不可能形成物质的团块不可能聚集在一 74 00:06:27,430 --> 00:06:33,590 起 and thus no stars 也就不可能出现恒星 stars 75 00:06:34,310 --> 00:06:37,690 平常我们说 stars 就星星其实呢 76 00:06:38,330 --> 00:06:42,810 在天文学上比较严谨的说法 stars 是恒星 77 00:06:43,530 --> 00:06:46,630 我们的 our star 是什么呢 78 00:06:47,380 --> 00:06:51,720 那就是我们的太阳太阳就是我们这个星系里的太阳系 79 00:06:51,720 --> 00:06:53,020 里的恒星 80 00:06:53,740 --> 00:06:57,680 and there's no stars 这样就不会形成恒星那就只会有 81 00:06:57,680 --> 00:06:58,760 drifting gas 82 00:07:00,440 --> 00:07:07,100 只有漂浮在空中的气体还有永恒的黑暗 Everlasting 83 00:07:07,100 --> 00:07:11,940 跟我们之前见过的那个 Eternal 意思是相近的