第七章 节庆之美 —— 彝族：彝族年、火把节，火崇拜体系下的节日盛装
课程：节庆之美(ENGL026)词汇 30 条句型 0 条要点 0 条
二、核心词汇（30）
| 词条 | 释义 / 讲解 |
|---|
| emotional sustenance | 情感寄托/支撑。sustenance 维持、滋养，此处指服饰承载民族情感。 |
| animism | 万物有灵论。认为自然界万物皆有灵魂的文化信仰核心。 |
| intangible cultural heritage | 非物质文化遗产。指被各社区、群体视为文化遗产组成部分的各种社会实践、观念表述、表现形式、知识、技能等。 |
| evil exorcism | 驱邪。Exorcism 指驱魔或驱除邪灵，此处指火把节中通过火仪式驱除晦气与邪恶的传统习俗。 |
| solemnity | 庄严、肃穆。形容彝族年服饰黑色所象征的土地厚重感与仪式的庄重氛围。 |
| high-saturation | 高饱和度的。色彩学中指色彩纯度极高、鲜艳夺目的颜色，常用于青年服饰以展现活力。 |
| indigo | 靛蓝。一种深蓝色染料，彝族传统服饰中老年人常以此色为底，体现沉稳与低调。 |
| topknot | 发髻、英雄髻。彝族男性传统发型，将头发盘结于头顶，象征英勇与男子气概。 |
| cockscomb | 鸡冠的。指未婚少女佩戴的“红缨鸡冠帽”，形似鸡冠，是彝族少女身份与青春的标志。 |
| cape | 披风。指“查尔瓦”（Chalwa），彝族特有的手工羊毛披风，兼具保暖与装饰功能。 |
| flint | 燧石。火镰纹中的核心元素，象征祖先取火的能力与火崇拜，代表光明与希望。 |
| chiseling | 錾刻。金属加工工艺，指用錾子在银饰表面雕刻花纹，体现彝族银饰制作的精湛技艺。 |
| conception | 构想、意象。此处指火把节服饰设计的艺术构思——“夜幕下的火焰”，强调视觉与文化的融合。 |
| bumper harvest | 大丰收。Bumper 形容数量极大，常与 harvest 连用，寓意对农业丰收的美好祈愿。 |
| collar plaque | 领牌。彝族女性银饰的一种，佩戴于颈部或衣领处，具有装饰与身份象征意义。 |
| jingles | 叮当声。指银饰在舞动时发出的清脆声响，是火把节女性服饰动态美感的重要组成部分。 |
| slanted-front | 斜襟的。slanted 倾斜的，front 正面。指中式上衣前襟向右掩的款式。 |
| 英雄髻 | 英雄髻。top 顶部，knot 结。指男性盘在头顶的发髻，象征勇武。 |
| heroic belt | 英雄带。象征男性勇武与家支传承的重要配饰。 |
| Chalwa | 查尔瓦。彝族特有的羊毛披毡，形似斗篷，兼具保暖与装饰功能。 |
| edged with | 以...镶边。edge 边缘，这里指披毡边缘装饰有红色纹样。 |
| delicate | 精致的、细腻的。形容楚雄云绣工艺繁复、做工精细。 |
| overlock | 锁边的。overlock embroidery 锁边绣，凉山服饰粗犷风格的代表工艺。 |
| inheritance system | 传承体系。指彝族服饰技艺通过母女相传的方式延续。 |
| digitally preserved | 数字化保存。利用数字技术对传统纹样进行记录与存档。 |
| material upgrading | 材质改良。指用牛仔布等现代材料替代传统面料的创新尝试。 |
| technological integration | 科技融合。如VR试衣系统，将现代科技应用于服饰体验。 |
| living cultural history | 活态的文化史。比喻服饰如史书般记录并展示着民族历史。 |
| upholding traditions | 坚守传统。uphold 维护、坚持，指保留传统工艺根脉。 |
| revitalization | 复兴、振兴。指通过创新使少数民族服饰焕发新生。 |
四、课堂讨论题
1. 彝族年和火把节分别在哪个月份举行？
2. 彝族新年服饰中，红色和黄色各代表什么寓意？
3. 彝族新年的男装有哪些主要的地区风格分类？
4. 女性未婚和已婚的彝族新年头饰有什么区别？
5. 为什么火把节和彝族新年的服饰设计会有所不同？
五、Discussion Questions (English)
1. Which months are the Yi New Year and the Torch Festival held in?
2. What do the colors red and yellow represent in Yi New Year clothing?
3. What are the main regional styles for men's Yi New Year outfits?
4. How does the headwear for unmarried Yi women differ from that of married women during the New Year?
5. Why is the clothing design different for the Torch Festival compared to the Yi New Year?
六、听力 / 讲稿全文
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7.2 Overview of Yi Culture (Two)
7.2 彝族文化概览
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7.2 Overview of Yi Culture (Two)
2两大核心节日构成文化双轴：
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7.2 Overview of Yi Culture (Two)
彝族年（2011年国家级非遗，
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7.2 Overview of Yi Culture (Two)
11月马/猴日，核心祭祖）；
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Two core festivals form a cultural dual
火把节（2006年国家级非遗，
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axis: Yi New Year (listed
农历六月二十四，
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as a national intangible cultural heritage
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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in 2011, celebrated on the Horse
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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or Monkey day in November,
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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with ancestor worship as the core ritual);
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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Torch Festival (listed
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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as a national intangible cultural heritage
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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in 2006, held on the 24th day
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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of the sixth lunar month,
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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centered on fire worship
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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and evil exorcism).
核心敬火驱邪），服饰需适配各自仪式需求。
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Festive costumes are uniquely designed
配图
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to adapt to the respective ritual needs
配图
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of the two festivals.
配图
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7.3 Yi New Year Costumes:
7.3 彝族年的服饰：
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Overall Style and Color System
整体风格与色彩体系
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Yi New Year costumes
彝族年服饰以黑、红、
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take black, red,
黄为核心色：黑色象征土地与贵族尊贵，
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and yellow
红色关联火塘文化与生命活力，
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as their core color palette.
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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Black symbolizes the solemnity of land
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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and the dignity of the Yi nobility;
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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red is closely linked to fire pit culture
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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and represents life vitality;
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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yellow corresponds to sun worship
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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and people's prayers for harvest.
黄色对应太阳崇拜与丰收期许。
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Colors are hierarchically matched
色彩分年龄分层：
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according to age: young people adopt
青年用高饱和色，中年选素雅色，
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high-saturation and bright colors,
老年以青蓝布为底，
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middle-aged people prefer elegant
体现社会伦理与审美差异。
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and low-key tones, while the elderly wear
体现社会伦理与审美差异。
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clothes based on indigo and blue cloth,
体现社会伦理与审美差异。
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fully reflecting traditional social ethics
体现社会伦理与审美差异。
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and hierarchical aesthetic differences.
体现社会伦理与审美差异。
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7.4 Men's Yi New Year Costumes
7.4 男款彝族年的服饰
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Men's festive costumes are divided by
男性服饰按地域分美
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regional styles into three categories:
姑"大裤脚"、
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Meigu wide-leg trousers,
喜德"中裤脚"、布拖"小裤脚"，
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Xide medium-leg trousers,
搭配青布包头与英雄髻，耳饰、
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and Butuo narrow-leg trousers.
英雄带为典型配饰。
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The outfits are commonly paired
英雄带为典型配饰。
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with indigo cloth headscarves
英雄带为典型配饰。
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and traditional heroic topknots,
英雄带为典型配饰。
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with earrings and heroic belts
英雄带为典型配饰。
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as classic symbolic accessories.
英雄带为典型配饰。
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7.5 Women's Yi New Year Costumes
7.5 女款彝族年的服饰女性服饰以
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Women's Yi New Year
大襟上衣、多褶长裙为基础，
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costumes are based
大襟上衣、多褶长裙为基础，
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on large-front jackets
未婚少女戴红缨鸡冠帽，青年穿三节彩裙，
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and multi-pleated
已婚妇女衣襟绣满花边，
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long skirts.
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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Unmarried girls wear red-tassel cockscomb
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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hats, young adult women dress
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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in three-section colorful long skirts,
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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and married women wear jackets fully
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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embroidered with delicate lace.
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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The Chalwa, a hand-woven wool cape,
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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serves both practical warmth
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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and decorative aesthetic functions.
查尔瓦（羊毛披风）兼具保暖与装饰功能。
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7.6 Classic Patterns of Yi New Year Costumes
7.6 彝族年纹样核心纹样含太阳纹（光明）、
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7.6 Classic Patterns of Yi New Year Costumes
7.6彝族年纹样核心纹样含太阳纹（光明）、
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7.6 Classic Patterns of Yi New Year Costumes
火镰纹（火崇拜）、
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7.6 Classic Patterns of Yi New Year Costumes
羊角纹（感恩牲畜）、竹节纹（生命力）。
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The core decorative patterns include sun
羊角纹（感恩牲畜）、竹节纹（生命力）。
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